THE

FILIPINO -AMERICAN

HOSTILITIES
AMERICAN APOSTASY

• American showed that

they used Aguinaldo as a
tool for there own
selfish.
 MCKINLEY'S (BENEVOLENT ASSIMILATION )
PROCLAMATION

DECEMBER. 21, 1898

The first official American policy regarding the Philippines
 FILIPINO REACTION
• The proclamation made by McKinley was
immediately subject to severe attack

ANTONIO LUNA

• Editor of LA INDEPENDENCIA led the

attacks on the proclamation
 ATTEMPTS TO RELAX THE TENSION

• Aguinaldo tried his best to relax the

Filipino-american tension
 JANUARY. 09, 1988

• Aguinaldo wrote Otis on appointment to

meet American commisioners the
purpose of meeting is the adjustment of
the conflicting political interest of both.
 THE SAN JUAN BRIDGE
INCIDENT
On the night of February. 04 1899 an
incident occurred which led to the
outbreak of the FILIPINO -AMERICAN
HOSTILITIES.
INVESTIGATION OF THE INCIDENT
INVESTIGATION OF THE
INCIDENT
Felipe buencameno his the who
investigate.
 AMERICAN VICTORIES

With swift stroke, American

superiority in arms more proved
victories
THE DRIVE TO THE NORTH

In late FEB and early March, American

reinforcement arrived form the US Otis
then began his intensive drive to the
north
 March 30
• American knock the door of
malolos but Aguinaldo
government already
evacuated and established
it's headquarters in San
Isidro, nueva ecija
 March 25
• Filipino made a good account of
themeself when the repulsed
general Wheaton
 APRIL23
• Major bell suffered a
defeat in the hands
of Gen. Gregorio Del
pilar
THE FALL OF MABINI

Mabini as president of the

cabinet, was the most powerful
man behind Aguinaldo
 MAY. 07, 1899

Aguinaldo wrote mabini

notifying him under paterno.
Mabini " answer " wise
political measure
ASSASSINATION OF LUNA

ANTONIO LUNA
Was the best to fight
the American enemy,
He was educated in
Europe and studied a
little of military
science and tactics...
AMERICAN CONQUEST OF THE
VISAYAS

• Otis instructed Gen. Miller to

attack Iloilo. Miller demanded the
surrender of the city, but the
Filipino patriots, headed by Feb.
Martin Delgado, refused and
instead decided to fight...
 FEBRUARY 22

• Cebu surrendered to the American

and LT. COR. Thomas H. Hamer was
designated military governor of the
province.
 THE NEGROS CONSTITUTION

FEB 21. a committee composed of

prominent negrenses arrived in Manila to
ask to Otis to allow them to arm a
battalion for the maintenance of peace
and order In the island.
 JULY 20
" NEGROS
CONSTITUTION " was
submitted to the
president of the US.
THE BATES TREATY

• The American
were very
diplomatic and
cheerful dealing
with the muslim
• The American appointed Gen.
John C. Bates to negotiate with
the sultan by which the Muslim
and the American's could co-exist
peacefully.
 AUGUST 20

" THE BATES TREATY "

Has been signed

by the Muslim
and the
American's
BATES TREATY PROVIDED
THAT:

1. The sovereignty of the US

over the whole archipelago
of jolo and it's dependencies
is declare and acknowledge.
2 . The rights and dignities of highness
the sultan and his datu's shall be
fully respected.

3 . The Muslim shall not be

interpreted with on account of
their religion.
AGUINALDO FLEES TO THE MOUNTAINS

• Many army officers

surrendered to the enemy,
that makes aguilnaldo to
maintain his army intact
 September. 06,1900

• Reached palanan Isabella. A

place difficulty to approach
for it is mountainous and
guarded by Aguinaldo's loyal
men
THE BATTLE OF PASONG TIRAD

PASONG TIRAD
• Was 4,500 feet high and
commanded a view for miles
around. The trail was so
narrow that only one man at a
time could clamber up the
hill.
 DECEMBER. 1, 1899

• Aguinaldo received Del

pilar's report that the
American has arrived at
the town of conception.
 JANUARIO GALOT

• An igorot, through his help,

an American found a secret
trail to the top of the
mountains and used it to
surprised Del Pilar and his
men.
 THE CAPTURE OF AGUINALDO

COLONEL FREDERICK FUNSTON

• Stationed in Nueva Ecija,

was planning the capture of
Aguinaldo.
• FUNSTON ordered to
forged the signature of
General Urbano lawa,
to whom Aguinaldo
wrote an order to sent
reinforcement to
palanan
 APRIL O1

• Aguinaldo took his

oath of allegiance to
the US.
 APRIL 19

• Aguinaldo appealed to
all Filipino to accept the
" SOVEREIGNTY OF THE
US "
BARBAROUS ACTS

• War has always been

uncivilized.
• Filipino had to be brutal to the
Americans who came to the
Philippines to help them win
their independence from Spain,
but who actually had an
imperialistic design on their
country.
 JANUARY. 02, 1902
• Artide appeared in
Philadelphia.
American soldiers
used the " WATER
CURE " rope cure.
 END OF THE RESISTANCE
GENERAL MIGUEL MALVAR

• Took over the leadership of the

Filipino government and harassed
the American by his guerillas
tactics..
GENERAL JACOB LUKBAN

• Ambushed American soldiers

 GENERAL JACOB SMITH

• Ordered the massacre of all

men @ children below 10
years old... " HOWLING
WILDERNESS "
 FEBRUARY. 27, 1902

• Lukban captured by the

American
 APRIL16

• Malvar surrendered to the

enemy
 MACARIO SAKAY

• continued the resistance and

established a Tagalog "
REPUBLIC " with
headquarters in the SIERRA
MADRE.
GROUP 3