.

 Advantages

 It has greater hardenability.

 Less distortion and cracking.
 Less grain growth.
 Higher elastic ratio and endurance strength.
 Greater high temperature strength.
 Better machinability at high hardness.
 Greater ductility at high strength.
 High cost.
 Temper brittleness in certain grades.
 Improved corrosion resistance.
 Better hardenability.
 Grain size control.
 Greater strength.
 Improved machinability.
 Improved high or low temperature stability.
 Improved ductility.
 Improved toughness.
 Better wear resistance.
 Improved cutting ability.
 Carbon
 Nickel
 Chromium
 Silicon
 Titanium
 Molybdenum
 Vanadium
 Tungsten
 Manganese
 Copper
 Boron
 Aluminium
 Cobalt
 When more chromium is added to the iron, a
fine film of chromium forms spontaneously
on the surface exposed to the air. The film
acts as a barrier to retards further oxidation,
rust or corrosion. As this steel can not be
stained easily, it is called stainless steel.
 All stainless steel are classified in three group
 Austenitic
 Ferritic
 Martensitic
 They posses austenitic structure at room
temperature.
 They posses higher corrosion resistance of all the
stainless steel
 They retain ductility at temperature at absolute
zero.
 They are non magnetic so they can be easily
identified.
 They have the composition
 C 0.03 to 0.25% , Mn 2 to 10%, Cr 16 to 26%
 Si 1 to 2 % , Ni 3.5 to 22%
 P and S is normally used.
 Aircraft industry.
 Chemical process.
 Food processing.
 House hold items.
 Dairy industries.
 Transportations industry.
 Ferrite stainless steel have a low carbon to
chromium ratio. This elements the effect of
thermal transformation and prevent hardening by
heat treatment.
 This steel are magnetic and good ductility.
 This steel are more corrosion resistant than
martensitic steel.
 Ferrite steel develop maximum softness, ductility
and corrosion resistance in the any condition.
 Some chemical composition
 C 0.08 to 0.20 %, Si 1%
 Mn 1 to 1.5 %, Cr 11 to 27 %
 Lining for petroleum industries.
 Heating elements for furnaces.
 Interior decorative work.
 Screw and fitting.
 Oil burner parts.
 It are identified by their martensitic microstructure in the
hardened condition.
 Because of the higher carbon to chromium ratio,
martensitic stainless steel are the only types hardenable by
heat treatment.

 These steel are magnetic in all condition and posses the

best thermal conductivity of the stainless steel types.

 Hardness, ductility, are the characteristics of martensitic

steels.

 It can be cold worked with out difficulty, especially low

carbon content, can be machined satisfactorily, have good
toughness, show the good corrosion resistance to whether
and to some chemicals
 It has composition
 C 0.15 to 1.2 % , Si 1%
 Mn 1 %, Cr 11 to 27 %

 Use
 Pumps and valve parts
 Rulers and tapes
 Turbine buckets
 Surgical instrument