People do not communicate in just one way, using

only one method.

When communicating with other persons, people
interact in different ways.
A different Communicative Strategy that leads to
effective Communication is needed for every
situation.
Each Speech Context requires an understanding of
the Speech Act.
With understanding comes an adjustment of Speech
Style to ensure the delivery of the message.
 Types
of
Speech Context
INTRAPERSONAL Communication

“communicating with oneself”

talking to or writing to oneself
Thinking to oneself
The Speaker and the Listener are one
and the same: YOU. You send the
Message to yourself and you yourself
receive that Message.
INTERPERSONAL Communication
“involves more than one person”
It is not just the number of
participants that determine each
particular type of communication;
they can be differentiated by its
purpose.
Note that: COMMUNICATION IS
INTENTIONAL.
DYADIC Communication
 Involves only two participants forming
the DYAD.
 One Speaker and one Listener come
together to exchange thoughts, ideas,
opinions, and information.
 The roles of Speaker and Listener are
not fixed, they are interchangeable.
 Conversation is informal dyadic
communication, while interview and
dialogue are formal dyadic
communication.
 Dialogues usually happen during
guidance counseling, consulting with a
priest, or heart-to-heart talks with a
trusted person.
 Interviews are almost always highly
formal compared to conversation, but
not as in-depth as a dialogue is.
SMALL GROUP Communication
 requires from 3 to 15 people to study an
issue, discuss a problem, and come up
with a solution or a plan
 The group has an agenda, a leader, and
an outcome to accomplish.
 Because everyone can be both Speaker
and Listener in this setting, rules must
be followed to facilitate order.
 Order allows for a full discussion, which leads
to a compromise and the hope for a result: a
solution or a plan.
 It can be divided into two according to
purpose: Study Groups and Task-oriented
Groups.
 Study Groups are meant to look into a
problem but not necessarily come up with a
solution.
 Task-oriented Group study an issue and come
up with a plan to resolve that issue.
 Some examples are panel discussion,
symposia, roundtables, etc.
PUBLIC Communication
 one Speaker addresses many Listeners,
collectively known as an Audience
 There is no interchanging of the Speaker and
Listener roles.
 Many Public Communication events are
formal.
 Usually, the programs are formally
structured, with a Master of Ceremonies or
MC (emcee), a Welcome Address, an
Introduction of the Keynote Speaker, the
speech by the Keynote Speaker or Paper
Presenter, and Closing Remarks.
 The informal form of Public
Communication happens when the
gathering is impromptu such as family
reunions and is most often seen during
protest rallies, especially while
participants are moving through the
streets.
MASS Communication
 is any of the above human verbal
interactions carried out with the aid of
mass media technology.
 Mass media used to mean only radio
and television, which reached more
people with the use of their technical
systems.
 Mass Communication now includes Social
Media, which allow for the use of technology
by everyone, not just journalists,
broadcasters, and technical crew.
 Social Media cover videos that go viral on the
Internet as well as webcasters/podcast which
reach millions, more than radio or TV ever
could.
 In fact, radio and TV have joined Social Media by
putting up their own websites to communicate to a
larger audience.
ORGANIZATIONAL Communication
 refers to the interaction of members
along the links in an organizational
structure
 Formal Organizational Communication
uses the proper channels graphically
illustrated by an organizational chart.
 Memos, announcements, and reports
are passed along to the members of the
organization following the chain of
command.
 The informal version bypasses the links
just to achieve the same goal.
 Both types of Organizational
Communication are necessary for the
organization to survive.
INTERCULTURAL Communication
 the exchange of concepts, traditions,
values, and practices between and
among people of different nationalities
and ways of life.
 To make the exchange more
meaningful, there should be a deeper
understanding and awareness of what
makes various nationalities different
and unique, but also similar and unique.
examples
 A roundtable discussion to exchange
views about how we relate with our
families can show the differences and
similarities in Korean and Philippine
culture.
 A lecture on the Chinese way of doing
business might enlighten Filipino
businessmen.
 Chatting with a friend from Abu Dhabi
might bring out the difficulties of a
Catholic Filipino migrant worker in a
muslim country.
 All Communication, whatever the
Speech Context, has to have a Purpose.
 Each Context that one may be engaged
in is according to what best suits the
Purpose and how best to accomplish it,
but the Contexts are not mutually
exclusive.
 Given the Context and Purpose,
Communication Strategies are also
based on different types of Speech
Styles.
 TYPES
OF
SPEECH STYLE
Each Speech Style is as
distinct as the Types of
Speech Context and can
be paired according to
usage.
Intimate
 is a non-public Speech Style that uses private
vocabulary and includes nonverbal messages.
 It is a style in which meaning is shared even
without “correct linguistic forms”.
 This occurs among people who have known
each other for a long time and have shared
many experiences.
 Because they know each other well, they can
sometimes complete each other's sentences
and know what the other person is thinking
even before they open their mouths.
Casual
 is a Speech Style used among friends
and acquaintances that do not require
background information.
 The use of slang is common and
interruptions occur often.
 it is used when there are no social
barriers to consider.
Consultative
 is the opposite of the Intimate Style
 it is used precisely among people who
do not share common experiences or
meaning.
 requires two-way participation and
interruptions can occur during the
communication.
Formal
 is used only for imparting information.
 The Speech is well organized and
correct in grammar and diction.
 Technical vocabulary and exact
definitions are important.
 This style does not require interruptions.
Frozen
 is a formal style whose quality is static,
ritualistic, and may even be archaic.
 it is exemplified by prayers that have
been recited in the same way for years,
the Pledge of Allegiance or Panatang
Makabayan, and the Oath of Office of
any officer.