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 What do you know about emotional

intelligence?
 Where do emotions come from?
 What is the difference between
emotions and feelings?
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 Emotions were the first to form within the

brain. They can be found within all three
layers of the brain.
 Animals and the first human beings primarily
depended on their emotions for survival. Fight
or flight are responses generated through
emotions.
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 Optimism is the driving force behind

emotional intelligence.
 EI was first introduced to the public in 1995 by
Goleman, but the original founders were
aware of the benefits of emotional intelligence
as early as 1985.
 Reuven Bar-On was the first to present EI
during his doctoral dissertation to the
academic community.
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 Emotional intelligence is, “that aspect of

human intelligence that governs our ability to
recognize, understand, control and use
emotions in solving problems of a personal
and interpersonal nature.”
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 “The term Emotional Intelligence (EI) refers

to the processes involved in the recognition,
use, understanding, and management of
one’s own and other’s emotional state to
solve emotion-laden problems and to regulate
behavior.”
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 the ability to motivate oneself and persist in the

face of frustrations;
 to control impulse and delay gratification;
 to regulate one’s moods and keep distress from
drowning the ability to think;
 to empathize;
 and to hope.
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 These domains determine the Emotional Quotient

(EQ) of an individual.
1. Knowing one’s emotions or self-awareness
 It is when you observed yourself and recognized the
feeling that you felt when it happened.
 This is about knowing how we feel and the thought
behind the feeling.
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2. Managing emotions

 Goleman points out that we often have very little or no

control when an emotion occurs and what this
emotion will be, but we can have control on how long
an emotion will last.
 For example, when we grieve over the loss of a loved
one, to dwell on the grief for a very long time will
oftentimes result in deeper emotional problems, such
as depression.
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 Another example is anger. Alabama psychologist Dolf
Zillmann was quoted by Goleman in his book on how
anger happens.
 To Zillmann, anger is triggered by something that
endangers a person’s life or status, or even one’s
balance.
 It may be a symbolic threat to one’s dignity and self-
esteem, which happens when one is insulted or
demeaned in front of other people.
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 To manage such anger, a person should cool down by
removing yourself from the situation or doing
something physical – walking, talking to someone,
taking a deep breath, or punching a pillow.
 Avoid hurting yourself in the process of expressing
your anger.
 Active exercise is also recommended to cool down
from a strong emotion such as anger.
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3. Motivating
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 Research studies have shown that hope is a major
indicator of emotional intelligence.
 Hope is the element present when one is fighting
some overwhelming anxiety or depression.
 Goleman points out that optimism is a great
motivator, and like hope, it provides a person with
expectations that things will turn out better or right,
when faced with adversity.
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4. Recognizing emotions in others

 The capacity to recognize the emotions in other

people is called empathy.
 According to Goleman, the root cause of our capacity
to empathize is self-awareness.
 If we recognize our own emotions and how these
affects us, then it will be easier to recognize other
people’s emotions as well.
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 Empathy is important in maintaining relationships as

this also taps on the caring capacity of people.
 Empathy also becomes the basis of a person’s set of
moral principles that give rise to one’s ethics and
values, like compassion.
5. Handling relationships
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 Emotional intelligence is also evident in the way we

manage our relationships with others and acquiring
social competence and social skills.
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 Howard Gardner, the proponent of multiple
intelligences, and his colleague, Thomas Hatch,
came up with four components of social
intelligence (or interpersonal intelligence). These
are:
1. Organizing groups – a leadership skill essential in
gathering groups of people toward a common action.
Example: teachers, orchestra conductors, military
officers, stage directors, etc.
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2. Negotiating solutions – this talent to bring people in

conflict to talk and come up with a solution is usually
found among mediators of disputes.
3. Personal connection – this is the talent where
empathy and connecting with another person’s
emotions are manifested.
Teachers usually have this natural tendency to relate
to others.
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4. Social analysis – is the talent to step out of a

situation and objectively form insights about the way
people feel and behave.
Therapists are gifted with this talent.
 Goleman also gave some attention to Howard Gardner’s
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multiple intelligences saying that emotional intelligence
could be part of the nine key varieties, namely:
1. verbal-linguistic
2. mathematical-logical
3. spatial
4. kinesthetic
5. musical
6. interpersonal
7. intrapersonal
8. natural
9. spiritual
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 To Gardner, these nine intelligences are important for

people to understand, especially in the realm of
learning, that these intelligences point to the mode of
learning and interests of a student.
 Gardner’s intelligences are crucial in determining the
career paths that individuals take as these
intelligences are also viewed as competencies.
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 Goleman refers to eight main families of emotions

and their corresponding members:
1. Anger : fury, outrage, resentment, wrath,
exasperation, indignation, vexation, acrimony,
animosity, annoyance, irritability, hostility; and to its
extremes, hatred and violence
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2. Sadness : grief, sorrow, cheerlessness, gloom,

melancholy, self-pity, loneliness, dejection, despair;
and in extreme, depression
3. Fear : anxiety, apprehension, nervousness, concern,
consternation, misgiving, wariness, qualm, edginess,
dread, fright, terror; and in extreme, phobia and
panic
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4. Enjoyment : happiness, joy, relief, contentment,

bliss, delight, amusement, pride, sensual pleasure,
thrill, rapture, gratification, satisfaction, euphoria,
whimsy, ecstasy; and to its extreme, mania
5. Love : acceptance, friendliness, trust, kindness,
affinity, devotion, adoration, infatuation, and agape
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6. Surprise : shock, astonishment, amazement, and

wonder
7. Disgust : contempt, disdain, scorn, abhorrence,
aversion, distaste, and revulsion
8. Shame : guilt, embarrassment, chagrin, remorse,
humiliation, regret, mortification, and contrition
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 It is often believed that Emotional Intelligence (EI)

or also referred to as EQ (Emotional Quotient), is
more important in achieving success in one’s career
or personal life than IQ.
 While a high IQ is not a surefire element to one’s
success, EQ has been identified as the foundation in
developing important skills necessary for one’s
success at work.
 Emotional
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affects:
1. Physical and mental health – emotional
intelligence equips one with tools in managing
stress; and stress which usually brings discomfort
and illnesses, can be avoided.
For mental health, emotional intelligence works
well when dealing with frustrations and challenges,
providing the individual with plenty of healthy coping
mechanisms.
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2. Work performance – EI helps in understanding

people and situations more objectively and with
more understanding and compassion. Emotions that
are managed well relieve one from stressful
situations and misunderstandings with others.
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3. Relationships– Interpersonal relationships are

enhanced because emotions are expressed in a
more positive way.
EI also builds trust so that conflicts are managed
better.
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