*PRESENTATION OF BASIC CIVIL ENGINEERING:

*TOPIC:-

SOIL….
PRESENTED BY:-
-ROHIT PRAKASH GHARATE
-VISHNU NAMDEV NIMANGRE
*INTRODUCTION OF
SOIL*
*…..What is soil ?….. *
Soil is a natural powder of rocks which may contain air, water, and any other
substance laying there and which are used for construction and plantation
purpose.
 *TYPES OF SOIL*

*There are six types of soil based on its quality.

1.Clayey soil
2.Sandy soil
3.Silty soil
4.Loamy soil
5.Peaty soil
6.Chalky soil
 CLAYEY SOIL
-Clay Soil is a heavy soil type that benefits
from high nutrients. Clay soils remain wet
and cold in winter and dry out in summer.
-These soils are made of over 25 percent
clay, and because of the spaces found
between clay particles, clay soils hold a
high amount of water.
SANDY SOIL
-Sandy Soil is light, warm, dry and
tend to be acidic and low in nutrients.
Sandy soils are often known as light
soils due to their high proportion of
sand and little clay (clay weighs more
than sand).
-These soils have quick water drainage
and are easy to work with.
SILTY SOIL
-Silt Soil is a light and moisture retentive
soil type with a high fertility rating.
-As silt soils compromise of medium sized
particles they are well drained and hold
moisture well.
-As the particles are fine, they can be
easily compacted and are prone to
washing away with rain.
LOAMY SOIL
-Loam soil is a mixture of sand, silt and clay that are
combined to avoid the negative effects of each
type.
-These soils are fertile, easy to work with and
provide good drainage.
- Depending on their predominant composition
they can be either sandy or clay loam.
 PEATY SOIL
-Peat soil is high in organic matter and
retains a large amount of moisture.
-This type of soil is very rarely found in a
garden and often imported into a garden to
provide an optimum soil base for planting.
CHALKY SOIL
-Chalk soil can be either light or heavy but
always highly alkaline due to the calcium
carbonate or lime within its structure.
-As these soils are alkaline they will not support
the growth of ericaceous plants that require
acidic soils to grow.
USES OF SOIL

1. Making earthen utensils

2. Some types of soil are applied on face and body.
3. Used for religious purposes
4. Used in construction and arts
5. Used for naturally filtering and purifying water
6. Growing plants
7. Used in wastewater treatment plants
8. Organic soils(like peat) are a source of fuel
9. Soil allows gas exchanges between land and air
10. Nutrients are recycled in
 Thus, Soils are essential for life, in the sense that they provide
the medium for plant growth, habitat for many insects and other
organisms, act as a filtration system for surface water, carbon store and
maintenance of atmospheric gases.

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