Sahil Ratan

281154
 • Machine Learning is the field of study that gives
computers the capability to learn without being
explicitly programmed
• Machine learning is an application of artificial
intelligence (AI) that provides systems the
Machine ability to automatically learn and improve from
experience
Learning • The process of learning begins with
observations or large sums of data, such as
examples, direct experience, or instruction, in
order to look for patterns in data and make
better decisions in the future based on the
examples that we provide
 Develop systems that can automatically adapt and
customize themselves to individual users. –
Personalized news or mail filter

Discover new knowledge from large databases

(data mining). – Market basket analysis (e.g. diapers
and beer)
Why Machine
Learning Ability to mimic human and replace certain
monotonous tasks - which require some
intelligence

Develop systems that are too difficult/expensive to

construct manually because they require specific
detailed skills or knowledge tuned to a specific task
 • Machine learning allows user to analyse bigger,
more complex data and deliver faster, more
accurate results
Need of • Help develop self-driving cars, cyber fraud
detection, online recommendation engines
Machine from Facebook, Netflix, and Amazon
• Machine Learning has also changed the way
Learning data extraction and interpretations are done by
automating generic methods/algorithms,
thereby replacing traditional statistical
techniques
 The primary purpose of machine learning is to
discover patterns in the user data and then make
predictions based on these and intricate patterns
for answering business questions and solving
business problems -
• Financial services – machine learning can help
Objectives of spot investment trends, prevent fraud
• Governmental – It can help identify ways for
Machine cost savings to be made so improving efficiency
and maximising budgets
Learning • Health – data can be analysed to identify
trends and improve diagnosis
• Retail – the objective of machine learning is
usually to help retailers understand their
customers better and personalise their
interactions
 • Oil and gas - Finding new energy
sources. Analysing minerals in the
ground. Predicting refinery sensor
failure
Objectives of • Transportation - Analysing data to
identify patterns and trends is a key to
Machine the transportation industry
• Fraud – the increased use of systems
Learning and activities such as online shopping
and financial transactions increases
fraudulent behaviour, so it helps
organisations combat losses through
fraud.
 • Supervised learning - The computer is presented with
example inputs and their desired outputs, given by a
“teacher”, and the goal is to learn a general rule that
maps inputs to outputs
• Unsupervised learning - No labels are given to the
learning algorithm, leaving it on its own to find
structure in its input:
• Clustering - You ask the computer to separate similar
data into clusters, this is essential in research and
Methodology science
• High Dimension Visualization - Use the computer to
help us visualize high dimension data
• Generative ModelsAfter a model captures the
probability distribution of your input data, it will be able
to generate more data. This can be very useful to make
your classifier more robust
Methodology

• On the basis of “output” desired

from a machine learned system
Classification: Inputs are divided into
two or more classes, and the learner
must produce a model that assigns
unseen inputs to one or more (multi-
label classification) of these classes
Regression: It is also a supervised
learning problem, but the outputs are
continuous rather than discrete. For
example, predicting the stock prices
using historical data.
 • Data - Memory networks require large working
memory to store data
• Security - However, gathering data is not the only
concern. Once a company has the data, security is
a very prominent aspect that needs to be taken
care of
Challenges of • Understanding deep nets training - Although ML
Machine has come very far, we still don’t know exactly how
deep nets training work
learning • Infelexible Business models - Machine learning
requires a business to be agile in their policies.
Implementing Machine Learning efficaciously
requires one to change their infrastructure, their
mind-set, and also requires proper and relevant
skill-set
 • Infrastructure - There is a need for proper
infrastructure which can aid the testing of different
tools. Frequent tests should also be allowed to
develop the best possible and desired outcomes,
which in turn, can assist in creating better, stout,
Challenges of and manageable results
Machine • Cost - There is a virtue in knowing these values if
you’re looking to implement Machine Learning,
learning because if you’re applying Machine Learning, you
will require Data Engineers, a Project Manager with
a sound technical background. In essence, a full
data science team isn’t something newer
companies or start-ups can afford
 • In conclusion, employing a Machine Learning
method can be extremely tedious, but can also
serve as a revenue charger for a company.
However, this is only possible by implementing
Machine Learning in newer and more innovative
ways. Machine Learning is only beneficial if there
are different plans, so regardless of one plan not
performing up to the desired standards, the other
Conclusion can be put into action. Getting a glimpse into which
Machine Learning algorithm would suit an
organization is the only issue that one needs to get
by. Once you get the best algorithm with which
you’re achieving the required outcomes, you
shouldn’t stop experimenting and trying to find
better and more innovative algorithms.
Thanks you