5G Evaluation of GFDM

Waveform

Course Instructor: Brig Dr. Adnan Ahmed Khan

Student Name: Alishba Azam Malik (MSEE-25)
 The considerable interest is in design and
performance of new 5G physical layer waveform that
are required to support a smooth transition from
existing 4G solutions
 To deliver the 5G requirements by implementing a
waveform that is simple to transmit and receive.
 5G cellular systems must deliver high data rates, very
low power consumption and low end-to-end
latencyGFDM waveform is recently being used as a
leading candidate waveform for the fifth generation
of wireless communication systems (5G) due to its
attractive properties. 5G waveforms are required to
support a smooth transition from existing 4G
solutions. GFDM uses only one cyclic prefix (CP) for a
group of symbols instead of using a CP per symbol,
as compared to OFDM it is more bandwidth efficient.
In this , we present a novel modem structures for
GFDM by taking advantage of the particular
structure in the modulation matrix.
 GFDM is a multicarrier modulation scheme with
sufficient flexibility to address the requirements of
5G.It is also based on filter bank theory and it is built
upon prototype filter and GFDM implements circular
Filtering
 GFDM waveforms is composed by M subsymbols
circulatory shifted in M time slots in K different
subcarriers.
 GFDM is introduced as a generalized form of the
widely used orthogonal frequency division
multiplexing (OFDM) modulation scheme and since it
uses only one cyclic prefix (CP) for a group of
symbols rather than a CP per symbol, it is more
bandwidth efficient than OFDM.
 GFDM has robustness to synchronization errors.
 GFDM is also a good match for multiple input
multiple output (MIMO) systems.
 GFDM is a multicarrier modulation scheme with
sufficient flexibility to address the requirements of
5G. The structure of the GFDM transmitter is shown
in Fig. 1.
 Unlike OFDM, GFDM transmits M symbols per sub-
carrier and the sub-carrier signal is oversampled by
N’, where N’≥ K and K represents the number of sub-
carriers. A pulse-shaping filter is then applied to each
sub-carrier prior to up-conversion. The sub-carrier
signals are added together to form the final
waveform.
 The pulseshaping process is used to filter each
subcarrier and this reduces the degree of Out-Of-
Band (OOB) radiation
 Furthermore, GFDM has sharper spectral edges (i.e.
reduction of OOB) in comparison to OFDM, however
this requires a higher transmit and receive filter
length. This length represents a problem due to its
impact on the CP length, as shown mathematically in
(1). This equation is necessary when effective FFT-
based block equalization is applied
 We consider a GFDM system with the total number of N subcarriers that
includes symbols in each block. In a GFDM block, symbols overlap in time.
Therefore, we call M, overlapping factor of the GFDM system. The MN ×1
vector d= [doT,……….,dN-1T]T contains the complex data symbols of the GFDM
block where the M ×1 data vector d= [di(0),……….,di(M-1)]T contains the data
symbols to be transmitted on the ith subcarrier.

After performing the same procedure for all the subcarriers, the resulting signals are
summed up to form the GFDM signal x(n)
The GFDM signal can be represented as multiplication of a modulation matrix A of
size MN x MN to the data vector d
 Fig. 1, depicts the baseband block diagram of a
GFDM transceiver when we have perfect
synchronization in time and frequency between the
transmitter and receiver in an AWGN channel. Fig. 1
summarizes the modulation and demodulation
process
 GFDM modulation, based on our design, can
be summarized into two steps.
1) M Number of N -point DFT operations,
i.e., application of N point DFT to each
individual GFDM symbol which includes
subcarriers. This can be efficiently
implemented by taking advantage of the fast
Fourier transform (FFT) algorithm.
2) Number of -point circular convolution
operations.
 The key idea behind our proposed GFDM
receiver techniques is to take advantage of
the particular structure of the matrix AHA
which is present in both ZF and MMSE
receiver formulations

ADVANTAGES:
GFDM has low PAPR as compared to OFDM which allows
to reduce the hardware cost and power consumption
which is an important point of future wireless system

 GFDM has low OOB radiations as compared to OFDM.

GFDM results in around 6dB reduction in the OOB
radiation compared to OFDM

DISADVANTAGE:
The main disadvantage of a flexible waveform is the
complexity required for its implementation
 GFDM can provide a very low out-of-band radiation
which removes the limitations of OFDM for carrier
aggregation. It is also more bandwidth efficient than
OFDM since it uses only one cyclic prefix (CP) for a
group of symbols in its block rather than a CP per
symbol as is the case in OFDM.
 GFDM waveform can be used effectively in in future
5G systems.Since the GFDM exhibits the reduced
levels of OOB radiation in comparison to OFDM
 [1]G. R. Al-Juboori, A. Doufexi and A. R. Nix,
"System level 5G evaluation of GFDM
waveforms in an LTE-A platform," 2016
International Symposium on Wireless
Communication Systems (ISWCS), Poznan,
2016, pp. 335-340
 [2] A.Farhang, N. Marchetti and L. E. Doyle,
"Low-Complexity Modem Design for GFDM,"
in IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing,
vol. 64, no. 6, pp. 1507-1518, March15,
2016.