MALAVIYA NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF

TECHNOLOGY

DEPARTMENT OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING

Removal of ionic dye from water using reverse micellar solvent extraction.

Submitted to: Submitted by:

Dr. Prabhat Pandit Ravi Kumar (2016UCH1373)
(Associate Professor) Mohit Gupta (2016UCH1461)
Shubham Saini (2016UCH1649)
 CONTENT
• Introduction
• Surfactants
• Materials used
• Experimental setup
• Reverse Micelle(RI)
• Characterstics of RI
• Advantages of RI Process

2
 LIQUID-LIQUID EXTRACTION (LLE)
• Liquid–liquid extraction (LLE), also known as solvent
extraction and partitioning, is a method to separate compounds or metal
complexes, based on their relative solubilities in two different immiscible
liquids.

• They are of two types:

Batch wise single stage extractions-This is commonly used on the small scale
in chemical labs

Multistage countercurrent continuous processes-These are commonly used

in industry for the processing of metals such as the lanthanides; because the
separation factors between the lanthanides are so small many extraction stages are
needed
 SURFACTANTS

• Surfactants are amphiphilic substances composed of a head group, either charged, polar, or
neutral and a long nonpolar hydrocarbon tail.

• They may be nonionic, composed of no charged polar head groups. They may also be anionic,
cationic.

• Upon introduction of surfactants (or any surface active materials) into the system, they will
initially partition into the interface, reducing the system free energy by:

1-lowering the energy of the interface (calculated as area times surface tension).

2-removing the hydrophobic parts of the surfactant from contact with water.
• Anionic Surfactant:

Name - Sodium dodecyl benzene sulphonate (SDBS)

Formula - CH3-(CH2)10-CH2-C6H4SO32—H+Na+
(M.W = 348.5 g/mol; cmc = 500 ppm)

• Cationic Surfactant:

Name - Hexa-decyl-trimethyl ammonium bromide (HTAB)

Formula - CH3-(CH2)15-N+(CH3)3Br-
(M.W = 364.6 g/mol; cmc = 350 ppm)
 MATERIALS USED

MATERIALS:

• Cationic dye: Methylene blue

• Anionic dye: Methyl orange
• Anionic surfactant: sodium dodecyl benzene sulphonate (SDBS)
• Cationic surfactant: hexa decyl trimethyl ammonium bromide (HTAB).
• Solvent : Iso Amyl alcohol
• Distilled water
Physical properties of dyes:

S.NO NAME FORMULA STRUCTURE M.W. TYPE

1 METHYLENE C16H18ClN3S 319.851 Cationic

BLUE g/ mol

2 METHYL C14H14NaO3S 327.334g Anionic

ORANGE / mol

SOLVENT:
Name- isoamyl alcohol (3-Methylbutan-1-ol)
Formula - C5H12O (M.W.= 88 g/mol)
EXPERIMENTAL SETUP
 REVERSE MICELLE
• Reversed micelles are nanometer sized aggregates of surfactant molecules surrounding microscopic water
core in polar solvents. These inverted aggregated are drawn together by hydrogen bonding in the presence
of minimal amount of water

• They are thermodynamically stable.

CHARACTERISTICS OF REVERSE MICELLES
The characteristics of reverse micelle system are –

(i) thermodynamic stability,

(ii) spontaneous formation,

(iii) low interfacial tension(<10-2 mN/m),

(iv) transparent nature(nanometer size, <100nm),

(v) large surface area (<10-100 m2/cm3),

(vi) viscosity comparable with the pure organic solvents, and

(vii) capability to dissolve polar substances

(viii) Low viscosity.

 ADVANTAGES
Among various processes reverse micellar extraction (RME) has gained a wide attention in recent years due
to its several advantages over other techniques which include

• ease of scale up,

• Proteins are already being separated with maximum activity recovery,

• continuous operation,

• biocompatibility

• high solubalisation capacity.

• Cost effectiveness.