• Amina Shahbaz

• 181400086
• Sania A.Rasheed
• 181400088
• Sharqa Batool
• 181400064
 Institution
 Family
 Types of Family
 Characteristic of family institution
 Function of family
 Family structure in Pakistan
An institution is a social structure in which
people cooperate and which influences
the behavior of people and the way they live.
Institutions, in the broad sense, are found in every society. The way
that each institution works is different in different cultures. Some
important institutions are:
 Marriage
This is how society protects itself by controlling the way people live together,
have children and care for them.
 Education
A society controls how young ones are prepared to be useful adult members
of society.
 Kinship
Society controls how people who are related, or not related, should act to
each other. This includes inheritance.
 Religion
Societies have ways in which people's religious beliefs are celebrated.
 Government
Societies set up an institution to have power to make decision for the good
of society.
 Law
Societies decide what is right and wrong, and what punishments there are for
doing wrong.

 Defence
Societies set up institutions to protect themselves against attack.
• Group of people who are related by marriage,
blood, or adoption and who often live together
and share economic resources
The family is the most universal social institution,
but what constitutes a “family” varies across
cultures.
 , Family is a
social group characterized by common residence,
economic, co-operation and reproduction.

Family
is a group of persons united by ties of marriage,
blood or adoption, constituting a single household,
interacting and communicating with each other in
their respective social roles of husband and wife,
mother and father, son and daughter , brother and
sister, and creating and maintaining a common
culture.
 , is a social
system and primary reference
group made up of two or more
persons living together who are
related by blood, marriage or
adoption or who are living
together by arrangement over a
period of time.
 F father
 A and
 M mother
 I implying the presence of children where
 L love must prevail between me and
 Y you
 Nuclear Family.
 Joint Family.
 Single Parent Family.
 Extended Family.
 Childless Family.
 Step Family.
 Grandparent Family.
 a couple and their dependent children, regarded
as a basic social unit.
 In simple terms, a nuclear family system is a
family structure that consists of two parents living
with their children, also known as an immediate
family.
 Thesocial unit consisting of several
generation of kindred living together under
the same roof or in a joining compound.
 A single parent is a person who lives with a child or children and who
does not have a spouse or live patner.

Reasons:
 Divorse
 Break up
 Abandonment
 Death of the other parent
 Child birth by a single woman
 Single person adoption.
 An extended family is a family that extends
beyond the nuclear family, consisting of parents
like father, mother and their children, aunts,
uncles, grandparents, and cousins, all living in the
same household.
 Families without children at home have different
interests, more free time and often greater
financial resources than couples with children. A
childless family is simply a group of people from
all kind of backgrounds and all walks of life who,
for whatever reason, have never had children.
 A stepfamily is a family unit in which one or both adult partners have children
from a previous relationship.
 Stepfamilies can be formed after a divorce or death of a parent in a nuclear
family or when a single parent chooses a long term partner.
 Grandparents, foster parents, legal guardians,
older brothers or sisters, widowed stepparents,
and aunts and uncles are not considered parents
unless they have legally adopted you.
 Attachment of Blood Relations: The family members have blood
relations with one another. But on the other hand blood relation is not so important
is a family because if the family members there would be no blood relatives is case
if adoption, relation is that of affinity. So, family is not restricted to the blood
relations among its members.

 Emotional Basis: Family institutions is characterized by the emotional

relationships b/w family members. It brings unity and harmony is family members
due to “we feelings” among them. Family members feels themselves attach to on
another on the basis of personal interests and relations

 Permanent Relations of Husband Wife: Family is a social

institution is which there exists a permanent relationships b/w the couple to
produce young ones and to look after them.
 Each Family has a Head: It is also the basic characteristic of a
family to has its own head. It would be the father, mother or any other
member of family but must be a powerful authority to govern the rules of a
family.

 Permanency: Family is a permanent social institution is which

members live is a lifelong time connected to one another.

 Emotional Basis: Family institutions is characterized by the

emotional relationships b/w family members. It brings unity and harmony is
family members due to “we feelings” among them. Family members feels
themselves attach to on another on the basis of personal interests and
relations.
 The most prominently used bifurcation
of the functions is according to their
importance so on the basis of this they
are divided into
1.Essential functions
2.Non-essential functions
 Production and rearing of a child: one of the most important
and prominent functions of a family is procreation and sustenance. Hence one
of the main functions of the family is reproduction and rearing of kids.

 Provision of home and minimum basic facilities: it is the

responsibility of the head of the family to provide minimum basic facilities to
the family. For example, food, shelter, clothing, etc.

 Giving love and sympathy: one of the basic functions of a family

and its members is to provide love and support to all the other members of
the family. To be sympathetic in the times of need and console each other in
the times of grief.

 Socialisation: the main function of a family is socialization. The

family helps transit the moral ideas of the group to the members of the
family. This is done through language or through action.
 Economic functions: family serves as an economic unit. The
family also looks after family property. The head of the family controls the
property. He also looks after the needs of the family members i.e. whatever a
man earns is consumed by his family.

 Educative function: every newborn child is born into a family and

hence the family becomes the first school for him/her. It also provides him
with basic knowledge about life, people, behavior etc. which is like a base for
him/her are they enter the world of education in schools etc

 Social, cultural and recreational functions: the

family that a person is born into decides his/her social status and functions. A
family exercises social control over the individual and helps him abide by the
social norms and morals it also helps him abstain from performing various
anti-social activities.

 Religious functions: the family is the center for religious training

of the children who learn from their parents all about religious virtues.
Various virtues like Namaz , Roza etc are taught to a child.
 Biradari
 Loyalty:
• Family honor determines the family's status in society.
• Family matters are considered extremely private.
• Aside from wealthy and middle class, Pakistani wives aren't usually seen in
family photos with male famly members.

 Family Honor
 Biradari: A group of male kin (the patrilineage).
• members of a biradari are residents of a single village.
• they celebrate major life events together.
• traditionally serve as a combined mutual aid society.
• The extended family is the central social structure in Pakistani society.
• In rural areas, extended family can be very large
 Nuclear Family
In Conjugal family system the married couple and their children are
living together is the same house.

 Advantages of nuclear family system

• Economic advantage.
• Socialization of children.
• Money saving
• Common activities.

 Disadvantages of nuclear family system

• Lack of man power.
• Lack of economic support.
• Burden of work.
Joint Family System:
 The members of joint family system are related on the basis of marriage as
well as blood relation. It consists of husband, wife, married children and a
group of blood relatives.

 Advantages of Joint Family System

• Division of labor
• Better economic position
• Share land
• Socialization
• Social insurance

 Disadvantages of joint Family system

• Home of idlers
• Lack of detachment
• Bed personality development
• No specific control over children
 Extended Family
Extended family system is the combination of nuclear and consanguine family. It is
based on conjugal as well as blood relations. This family system consists of three
generations.
• The Parents
• Married Children and
• Their Children

 Equalitarian Family
Father and mother have the authority to control the family. They both are the
dominant personalities.