Autonomous Vehicles

Socio-Economic Effects in the United States

Georgia Castoro
Carolyn Flaherty
Thomas Paulich
Philip Tani
Industry Membership
Government Agencies

Federal
State Before the SELF-DRIVE Act:

● Laws on autonomous cars differed

from state-to-state
○ 5 states issued executive orders
regarding self-driving cars
○ 21 states passed legislation regarding
self-driving cars

(31)
(45)
 Sadayuki Tsugawa and his
Individuals colleagues at Japan’s Tsukuba

Mechanical Engineering

Laboratory took the first major

step of developing the first

stand-alone autonomous

vehicle.

Elon Musk and Tesla are becoming

frontrunners in the self-driving car

Leonardo Da Vinci was one of
market.
the first Individuals to develop

the idea of the self driving car.

(39)
Companies
Auto Manufacturer Technology Ride-Sharing

17, 26, 10
Labor Unions
The New York International Auto Show
● North America’s first and largest
attended auto show
● “Address how to fund and turn
fundamental shifts in mobility into
lucrative business opportunities,
promote access to jobs, make
logistics smarter, connect visitors,
empower citizens and make
transportation more sustainable”
(37)
American Trucking Association North American Freight on Major Modes, 2016
(billions of current dollars)

● The ATA estimate a shortage of

about 40,000 drivers that could
grow to about 240,000 by 2022
● “With the technology that is there,
we can take the driver out of the
vehicle. We aren't gonna do that
for a long time" Ted Scott (quoted
in 37 )

(56)
Displays Autonomous Vehicle...

● Software
● Infrastructure
● Recognition Systems
● Investment Opportunities

Open to the general public and

professionals

34 Car and Manufacturing Exhibitors

(6)
5 U.S. Exhibitors
Academic Institutions
Government Regulation
Safety
Cybersecurity
Federal vs. State
 Safety
The main goal of autonomous cars: To increase Safety and
Productivity

Largest Cause of Car Accidents: Human Error

Increased safety is only possible with:

● Strict Government Regulation of Autonomous Cars

● New Safety Standards based off Research
(45)
(45)
(45)
 SELF-DRIVE Act
Safety

Within one year of this act the government will…

● Issue new safety standards
● Update old safety standards
● Be able to ensure safety and security of autonomous cars (36)
 SELF-DRIVE Act
Cybersecurity

● Companies must have a game-plan for cyber attacks

● There must be very limited access to systems of autonomous cars
● The highest level of cyber security must be used in all vehicles

(36)
State vs. Federal
No State can legalize any laws regarding autonomous cars unless terms are
identical to those in the SELF-DRIVE Act

(36)
Effects on the Transportation
Market & Unemployment
Transportation Market in the United States

From 1888 to 2017, government transportation

spending as a percent of the gross domestic
product has been up and down but since the
slight rise in the 1960s spending has been
steadily at 2%. (63)
 Annual Passengers on All U.S. Scheduled Airlines (Domestic &
International) and Foreign Airlines to and from the United States, 2006-
2012

Due to the popularity of the car, the automobile industry has been on a
steady increase since the economic crisis between 2008 and 2010.
(59,53)
Effects Self Driving Technology will have on the
Transportation Market

(3)
Unemployment in the United States

(59,47)
 Effects Self Driving Technology will have on
Unemployment
- U.S. drivers could see job losses at a rate of 25,000 a month, or 300,000 a

year.

(3)
Competition Between
Companies
 What will it take to be successful?
Ride-Sharing Technology Public Trust/Actual
Partnership Progress

17, 26, 10
Auto Manufacturing Companies
● Frontrunners
○ Ford
○ Daimler
○ Volvo
● Treading Water
○ GM
○ BMW
○ Nissan
● Falling Behind
○ Tesla
5, 8, 13-15, 18-20, 21-23, 27-29, 32-35, 38, 40, 41, 43, 48, 60-62
Technology Companies
Other Major Tech Companies

&
❖ Partnered with BMW,
Fiat Chrysler, Delphi

❖ Partnered with Intel, Avis, Lyft, ❖ Partnered with Volvo

Fiat Chrysler Privately Owned Companies

❖ Public trials in Phoenix, AZ.
❖ Extensive Testing (3 million
miles)

1, 42, 44
 Ride-Hailing Companies

❖ Controversy ❖ Positive Moves

➢ Waymo suit ➢ Partnership with Ford
➢ Breaking California state laws ➢ Partnership with Waymo
➢ Crash in Arizona ➢ Testing in San Francisco

5, 14, 25, 28, 34, 43, 65

The Effects of Autonomous
Cars on Society
 History Repeats Itself

(36)
Safe Self-Driving Cars (6)
The Optimal Cost (29)
Ethics
Liability

(45)
Safety: Liability
● First ever death in Tesla Model S May 2016
● Who will be liable?
● Michigan legislation
● Volvo claims responsibility for crashes in self-driving cars

(23)
Safety: Decision Making

The Trolley Problem

❖ Who do you prioritize?

❖ Should all people be thought of as
the same?
❖ Who would buy a car designed to
sacrifice the owner? Courtesy of MIT (64)
Government Regulation

If the government is regulating

autonomous cars…
● Will the government have access to
autonomous car information
regarding people’s location?
● Can they use this information for
investigations?
● Will privacy policies range from car
company to car company?
(33)
Unemployment
Millions of jobs are affected by the
automobile industry.

- Is it ethically moral for mankind to

disregard people’s jobs for an invention

that could possibly change the world

forever?

- Will alternate jobs be created to help those

who are in jeopardy of losing everything?

(16)
Works Cited
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