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Fiber

 Defination: fiber or fibre is a rope or string which is used


as a component of composite materials.

 It is used to made products such as paper, papyrus or fely.


Fibers are often used in manufacture of other materials.

 Synthetic fiber can often be produces very cheaply and in


large amount compared to natural fiber, but for clothing
natural fiber can give some benefits such as a comfort
over their synthetic fiber.
Types of fiber

 Natural fiber
 Man mande fiber
Man- made fiber

 Man made fiber (chemical fiber) are fibers whoes


chemical composition structure and properties are
significantly modified during the manufacturing process.

 Some man made fiber are derived from naturally


occurring polymers.

 Another group of man made fiber is synthetic fiber.


Synthetic fibers are made of polymers that do not occur
naturally.
Man-made fiber

Man made
fiber

organic inorganic

Carbon,
Natural Synthetic Ceramic,
polymer polymer
Glass,
metal
Natural fiber

 Natural fiber include those products by


plants, animals, and geological processes and
can be classified according tomtheir origins.
Natural fiber

Natural
fiber

organic inorganic

Plant, Animals
vegetables Mineral
like seeds e.g – origin
leafs , fruits camel,whool,
etc sheep, hair,
silk etc
benefit

 Weather resistant
 Immune to water damage
 Fire resistant
 Provides sound insulation
 Shatter resistant
 Low shrinkage
 Flexible
 High degree of workability
 Termite resistant
Durability

 The external cladding products require very


little maintenance once installed and painted.
 The thicker fiber cement products ohave
excellent impact resistance but the thinner
less dense products need to be protected
from impacts.
 Compared to wooden siding fiber cement is
not susceptible to termites or not.
Interior part
Exterior part
ceiling
Raw materials
 1) English indian clays:
 It is a company incorporated in india.
 It was incorporated in 1963 with english china
clays uk and kaolin.
 In 1992 collabration based with ECC.

 2) Eurogentec:
 Eurogentec – a biotechnology supplier in
belgium in 1985.
Fiber rainforced plastic

Fiber rainforced plastic is composite materials


of polymer matrix rainforced with fibers.
Glass, carbon , and other fibers are like paper or
wood .
FIBER GLASS
It refers to grp of products made from individual glass fiber. The glass
fiber may be randomly arranged but is commonly woven into a
mat. The plastic matrix may be a thermosetting plastic- most
often epoxy, polyester resin- or vinylester, or a thermoplastic. It is
divided iinto two major groups
1 continuos fibers
2 non-continuos fibers
• Fiber glass wool is a thick fluffy material made from discontinuos
fibers is used for thermal insulation and sound absorption
The major ingredients are silica sand, limestone and soda ash
The raw materials must be carefully weighed in exact amount and
throughly mixed together.
Properties
An individual structural glass fiber is both stiff and strong in tension and
compression.

By laying multiple layers of fiber on top of one another, with each layer
oriented in various preferred directions, the material's overall stiffness
and strength can be efficiently controlled
Fiber Glass
Uses
FIBER
• Many fibers are too slick, short or brittle to be
spun into threads.
• Kapok fiber is too slick to spin into thread, but
is used to make stuffing or packing.
 Some fibers are used to make paper.
• Animal fibers such as wool have also been
widely used. Flax replaced wool in Europe for
clothing

• Fibers are used for textiles, brushes, plaiting or coarse
weaving, stuffing material, paper and specialty goods.
• Cotton, flax, ramie, and hemp are most often used for
apparel or textile fibers.
• Jute, cotton, hemp, abacá, sisal, New Zealand flax, and
Maauritius hemp are most often used for cordage.
• Istle, sisal, piassava (palm), and broomcorn (a Sorghum
bicolor cultivar) are most often used for brushes or braiding
fibers.
• Kapok, cotton, Spanish moss, and jute are most often used
for filling fibers.
• Jute is widely used for sacking and similar material.
JUTE

It is long soft shiny vegitable fiber spun into coarse strong


threads
It is produced from plants in corchorus, the family tiliaceae
with Malvaceae but now are reclassified as belonging to the
family sparrmannianceae
"Jute is the name of plant or fiber used to make burlap
herssian or gunny cloth
Carbon fiber graphite fiber CF has fibers about 5-10
micro meter in diameter and carbonatoms
CARBON
Several thousands carbon fibers are bundled
together to form a tow

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