Lesson 6 : Principles of Effective Writing

● Paragraph- group of interrelated that talk

about one main idea.

● Essay- group of paragraphs that talk about

one central idea.

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 PARAGRAPH
● is composed of three major
parts:the topic sentence ,the
body which consists of the
supporting details,and the
closing sentence.

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 TOPIC SENTENCE

● The central idea of the

paragraph;it can be stand or a
comment,an objective
statement,or a question.

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 CLOSING SENTENCE

● Concludes the details that

have been presented

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 SUPPORTING DETAILS

● Sentences that clarify and

prove the main idea

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 COHESIVE DEVICES

● Transitional devices,pronouns,or
repetition of ideas used in order for
all of the sentences to be linked
properly

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● Unlike a paragraph an essay has a more
elaborate structure.It is divided into
three general parts.namely the
introduction,body,and conclusion.Below
are the specific parts of an essay.

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 Introduction

A.Lead or Attention-getter
B.Transitional Statement
C.Thesis Statement

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 Body

A. Major Point 1
1. Minor Detail 1
2. Minor Detail 2
B.Major Point 2
1. Minor Detail 1
2. Minor Detail 2

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C.Major Point 3
1.Minor Detail 1
2.Minor Detail 2

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 Introduction

● A lead or attention getter is the first statement

in the essay which aims to hook the readers.
A composition can have an effective lead
through the use of provocative rheotorical
questions, statistics, startling statement,
anecdote, quotation, humor or analogy.
 Transitional Paragraph

● In some cases, a paragraph that does not

directly provide support to thesis statement is
included in an essay. It is called a transitional
paragraph. Its major function is to bridge one
sentence to another.
 Body

● It is the meat of an essay. It discusses the

thesis statement in detail through its
paragraphs. This is where the topic is
developed and arguments are laid out and
discussed.
 Conclusion

● The concluding paragraph begins with the

restatement of the thesis statement using a
different structure and wording to uphold the
language style. This part is followed by
transitional statement that talks about
recommendations, benefits of ideas
presented or purpose of writing the essay.
● Finally, a closing sentence is used to wrap up
the essay.
Properties of a
Well-written Text
 Unity

● It is achieved when a composition contains

one focused idea. In a unified text, all the
supporting ideas are relevant to the main
thought. Without unity, the text will be
confusing.
 Coherence

● It occurs when ideas are connected at the

conceptual or idea level. It can be seen
through well-defended arguments and
organized points.
 Cohesion

● It is the connection of ideas at sentence level.

It can be readily seen in a text through the
smooth flow of the sentences and the
connection of the ideas.
 Organization

● It is achieved when ideas are logically and

accurately arranged.
 Language Use

● The way language is used is one of the

clearest indicators of a well-written text. It
enables the writer to effectively communicate
ideas without confusing the readers.
 Mechanics

It should not be overlooked when writing. It is

one of the properties of a well-written text and
is characterized as a set of conventions on how
to spell, abbreviate, punctuate, and capitalized
a composition.