Construction Process and

Site Management
Slide Contents
•Construction Process
•Project Management
•Site Management
•Site Supervision
Construction process
 Construction process
A project is a plan with a defined goal which shall
be accomplished within
•a defined period of time,
•a defined quality standard
•a defined cost frame.
Differentiate between Project and daily
activity.
 Project Management
Project management is the art of directing
and coordinating human and material
resources throughout the life of a project
by using modern management techniques
to achieve predetermined objectives of
scope, cost, time, quality and participation
satisfaction.
Project Management
 Project Management
Key issues of project management

•Cost control
•Time control
•Quality control
•Coordination
•Information management
•Contract administration
•Safety management
 Project Management

Five M’s of project management:

1. Material
2. Money
3. Manpower
4. Machines
5. Management
 The Site Management
Like any other field of management, site
management involves the six processes of
management, namely;

•Forecasting
•Planning
•Organizing
•Motivating
•Controlling
•Communicating.
 The Site Management
Site management is not a primary
occupation within the industry. Those who
are eligible for responsible positions in site
management must there fore experienced
employment with other occupations in the
industry and as such developed attitudes
and expectations about key industrial roles.
 The Site Management
The interrelationship of attitudes and
expectations with educational and work-
experience programs need more careful
consideration.
The site manager can be characterized as a
person who has received the commission to
carry out the intention of the top
management through direct leadership of
work groups in a construction company.
 The Site Management
He is in charge of production and maintenance,
always in constant control of a definite site
production and maintenance, and have
immediate daily contact with the operatives
whose work he directs and controls.
The major responsibilities of a site manager is
to fulfill the contractor’s obligations stated in
the contract conditions with respect to a
particular project.
 The Site Management
He carries out and complete the works shown
upon the contract drawings and described or
referred to in the contract bills and in the
Articles of agreement in compliance there
with, using materials and work man ship of
the quality and standards therein specified in
every respect to the reasonable satisfaction
of the supervising officer.
 The Site Management
Therefore, the key areas of concern in meeting
this obligation relate to the Quality of work
during construction, the costs of construction
and the time.
 The Site Management
Construction site managers should know
about the following:

•building methods and materials,

•building standards and regulations,
•how to read building plans and diagrams,
•how to use planning software,
 The Site Management
Construction site managers should know
about the following:

•Ability to control Quantity, quality, cost Purchasing of

building materials and machinery,
•Safety methods and procedures used on building sites,
•Staff management,
•Quality control system
 The Site Management
Working knowledge Skills
1) Management: General management,
organization site office management, site cost
control, personnel selection of operatives,
workmen management, working rules agreement,
safety training.
2) Equipment: Plant use, maintenance of
equipment mechanical plant and transportation
3) Production: Production planning site
organization and layout, construction methods, site
control
 The Site Management
Working knowledge Skills
4) Technology: General building technology
including concrete technology and technical
drawing, structural engineering, electrical
installation, settings out and leveling
5) Quantity surveying: Standard method of
measurement, compilation of bill of quantities,
preparation of interim and final bill of quantities,
preparation of interim and final accounts
6) Building Law : Regulations by laws ,contract law
(forms of contract)
 Site Supervision
Who is doing Site Supervision?
What is the relation between Site Supervision
and Construction Site Management?
What are the main objectives in site
supervision?
The Site Supervisor and site Management

•As projects are always unique site management and

supervision operate on a ‘site-by-site’ basis. Each project
requires a different labor force and as the work on site
proceeds the various work teams that force have gradually
been integrated during the course of work have to break up
and re-adjust themselves in different groups on different sites.

•Therefore, it is highly unlikely that any two site manager jobs

will ever show much similarity. They will work with different
people at different places, they will be part of different
organizations and they will be expected to operate effectively
within a variety of changing constraints.
Site Supervisor´s duties and
responsibilities
1.Start of Construction works
2.Organizational tasks: Information on work
methods, work activities and resources,
communication
3. Site infrastructure / Logistics
4. Capacity Building
5. Safety requirements
Site Supervisor´s duties and
responsibilities
6. Planning: release, changes, distribution
7. Handling of Accounting Issues
8. Handling of Claim Management
9. Handling of Hindering
10. Handling of Execution Delays
11. Interface management trades /planning
12. Quality Management
Site Supervisor´s duties and
responsibilities
13. Schedule control
14. Contract controlling/ Accordance
15. Reporting
 The Site Supervision

1) How to start a construction project?

 The Site Supervision
How to start a construction project?
The “Start – Up Site Meeting” –
“Preconstruction Meeting”
The start up meeting in a construction project is
an important milestone/breakthrough in every
construction project.
• Firstly it symbolizes the “taking over action” of
the site supervisor. The site supervisor has to
demonstrate leadership and know-how.
• Secondly beside all contractual regulations the
agreement on the further procedure has to be
agreed upon between all participants
 The Site Supervision
Participants in the “Start - Up Site Meeting”
should be the whole project team, including
the project manager, the planners and the
executing companies.
• The site manager has to lead through the
meeting and to document the results.
 The Site Supervision
Task Analysis / Clearing of roles and
responsibilities •
•Although determined in the contracts an
individual confirmation or agreement of tasks,
roles and responsibilities should be agreed upon
personally with the beginning of the project in
the team.
•Beside contractual relations and common
practices the personal style of leadership and
individual team work aspects have to be
identified.
 The Site Supervision
Handover/ release of planning documents/
submission documents
Clarification and Identification of all documents
which are required to start the construction:

•The actual status of planning

•The actual status of specifications
•The actual status of all other documents which
describe the project objectives, expectations,
legislative and regulatory frameworks
•General regulations
 The Site Supervision
Handing over of documents / Detailed listing:

•Status of the site conditions – access, working

space, water, power supply, telephone /
Internet connection, site security (fences), etc.
•Planning –status, release date, completeness,
quality, etc.
• Contract documents: all Contract with all
appendices, specifications, schedules, payment
schedules, arbitrations, descriptions, etc.
 The Site Supervision
•Budget: Cost estimation, Cost follow up,
accounting status, reserves
•List of team members (client construction
manager planners, accounting institutions,
addresses, enterprises, responsibilities,
competencies, etc.
•All available info on the Project organization
•Quality management tools etc.
The Site Supervision

6) Planning: release, changes,

distribution
 The Site Supervision
Changes in Construction Projects
External causes:
•Economic issues
•Environmental issues
•Technological issues
•Regulatory issues

Internal causes:
A) Organizational level
•Organizational culture
•Ineffective decision-making
 The Site Supervision
B) Project level

•Design Improvements
•Inadequate skills and knowledge
amongst the team
•Inclement weather
•Late change of client brief
•Designer change of mind
•Design error
The Site Supervision
 The Site Supervision
7) Handling of Accounting Issues / Costs
Implementing cost control systems,
identifying variances/modifications and
recommending cost savings in executing
work.
 The Site Supervision
12) Interface management trades / planning

•Implementing operational quality assurance and

control processes and procedures as specified.
•It involves ensuring all personnel work to the
required quality standards, and in checking
quality and taking appropriates action to correct
deficiencies.
 The Site Supervision
The quality of a product or service refers to
the perception of the degree to which the
product or service meets the customer's
expectations.
•Accuracy and Precision
•Durability; the ability to endure.
•Functionality
•Sustainability
•Maintainability
 The Site Supervision
•Environmental Sustainability
•Innovative Quality
•Urban Integration / Space allocation / Land use
•Affordability
•Acceptance/Participation by the users
•Adequacy etc
 The Site Supervision
13) Schedule control
Progress
The process of regularly checking the
progress of planned work. It will involve
recommending action necessary to
correct deviations from programs.
Thank you