Topic 7

REVIEW OF RELATED
LITERATURE (RRL)
 RRL is an important
component of research
regardless of the type of
research.
Purposes of RRL
1. To find out the
connection of your
research to the current
conditions or situations of
the world.
2. To know more about
theories or concepts
underlying your research
and to learn from them with
respect to your own research
study.
3. To discover the
relation of your
research with previous
research studies.
4. To obtain
information on the
accuracy or relevance
of your research
questions.
5. To familiarize
yourself with technical
terms related to your
research.
Systematic Review- step by step
method
Meta-analysis- RRL which your
re-examine and combine the
results of two or more statistical
studies coming out with a grand
total to indicate stronger effects.
 In-text Citation and Referencing
Styles
a. In-text Citation- referring to
authors within the main body of the
paper.
b. Bibliography or References-
referring to authors within the end of
the paper.
Two common referencing
styles:
a. MLA ( Modern Language
Association)
b. APA ( American
Psychological Association)
 Aspect APA System MLA System

Writing the Author’s

Name
Full surname first, Full surname first,
then followed by followed by full first
initials of first and name, and optional
middle name. initial of the middle
name.

Writing the title of the

reading material Italicized title only the
beginning word Underlined or italicized
capitalized ( title with all content
exception; capital for words capitalized.
every pronoun

Writing the copyright Written after the Written after the

date author’s name publisher’s name.
 Example of APA
Referencing Style
Citation
(Lopena, 2016) (Olivarez, 2017)
(Cortez, Mabeza, Brado, 2016,
pp.120-130)
According to Flores (2017)
Bibliography
One Author
Floro, J. A (2016). The Colds Viruz.
Quezon City: GB Press.
Two Authors
Oropesa, N. C and Danes, J. L. (2017).
Coron Islands. Baguio City: KLM
Company.
Three Authors
Regalaa, C. A., Bautista, C. C and
Laya, G. F. (2017). The Philippines’
Supreme Court Justice. Pasay City:
ABC Press.
Three or More Authors

Bora, E.N. et al. (2016). BIR Regional

Offices. Quezon City: Rex Bookstore.
Anonymous Author (If the
authorship of a work is known but not
revealed on the title page, the name is
given in brackets.
[Candelario, E.]. The opium craze.
(2016). Nowhere: Nonesuch Press.
(If the identity of the author is
guessed, a question mark follows the
name before closing the bracket)
[Candelario, E.?]. The opium craze.
(2016). Nowhere: Nonesuch Press.
Editor, Translator, Compiler
 Parehas, G. F (2016). ed. Folk’s
lucky charms. Manila: PH Press.
Editor, Translator,
Compiler with an Author
Garabillo, G. F. (2016). Science
Textbook writing. Edited by
Gina Alano and Chito Fortez.
Manila: PH Press.
Organization, Association or
Corporation as Author
Signed article in a magazine
Smith, Robert. “Email Craze.”
Interactions. July 2016.
http://www.inter.com/Jol/Labo
International Monetary Fund,
2008. Survey of Asian
Economics. Vol. 6, Malaysia,
Thailand, Indonesia and
Philippines .New York:
International Monetary Fund.
No ascertainable
Publication Facts
Corona, L., The rise and fall of
the Roman empire. (n.p., n.d.)
Popular Magazines
Alamares, M. (March 2016).
“The French cuisine.”
Panorama, pp.23-26.
Interviews
Corpuz, F. (April 2016).
“Quantitative research:
interview with Felicitas
Corpuz.” April 2016.
Interview by Anabelle Gomez.
The Manila Bulletin, Claro, E.
(May 2017). “Highschool
institutions: interview with Dr.
John.
Theses, dissertations and
Other Unpublished Works
Parayno, R. D. (20160. “Meta-
cognitive reading among basic
learners.” Ph.D diss., U.P.
Diliman.
Slides and Film’s
Videocassettes
Prudencio, K.C. (2016). “Urban
planning.” Qezon City: Palmall
Press.slides.
Materials through
Computers
Signed article in a magazine
Alegre, R. (July 2016). “Social-
media networks.” Personality
growth.
Retrieved from
http://www.inter.com/Jol/L
abor.htm/
ACTIVITY:
Check the right column
to each referencing item.
 Referencing True True For APA
only for only for and
APA MLA MLA
style style style

1. Italicized the title of the book.

2. Date after the publisher

3. Capitalized content words in the

title.
4. Capitalized initial word and proper
nouns in the title.
5. Period after the bibliographical
entry
6. Date after the author

7. (Argullo,383)

8. Colon after publication place.

9. Underlined the title of the book.

10. ( Bravo,2016 p.83)

Activity 2:
Put a check mark before
the correct answer.
1. Meta-analysis supports a
review of related literature that
is:
____________traditional
____________systematic
____________technical
____________total
2. A systematic review of related
literature follows a certain:
____________theory
____________method
____________instruction
____________model
3. Being honest, truthful and grateful
in doing the review of related
literature is practicing:
____________smartness
____________cut-and-paste
____________ethics
____________individualism
4. Referencing within the body of the
paper gives you this research paper
component:
____________footnotes
____________bibliography
____________references
____________citation
5. Quantitative research uses meta-
analysis; qualitative research uses:
___________narrative synthesis
___________discourse analysis
___________data analysis
___________thematic synthesis