BUILDING DESIGN 2

TIP VISION AND MISSION

VISION
In the year 2020, T.I.P. envisions itself to be:
1. a leading professional technological institution in the
Philippines through
• outcomes-based education, and
• a culture of innovation and continuous improvement, and
2. an institution whose graduates contribute to the welfare of
society.
TIP VISION AND MISSION
MISSION
The Technological Institute of the Philippines (T.I.P.) is committed:
1. to continue to empower the Filipino youth through technological education of the highest
standard, employing outcomes-based education and state-of-the-art laboratories
2. to transform students into graduates with full competence in their fields of study and who
also possess:
• The Filipino values of honesty and integrity, service to others, the importance of
family, frugality, resilience in the face of adversity, and the willingness to surmount
difficulties in order to succeed and excel.
• The industry-desired values of positive work attitude, good communication skills,
proficiency in computers and in the software that pertain to their fields of study,
initiative, and the openness to keep on learning to reinvent themselves.
• The global citizen values of mindfulness, respect for cultural diversity, care for the
environment and the desire to contribute to the general welfare of society.
COURSE OBJECTIVE
This course aims to discuss the electrical, mechanical, plumbing,
fire components of a structure. It also explains the codes and
provisions on industry standard level and imparts knowledge on
solutions to constraints in the construction of a building.
COURSE OUTCOMES
At the end of the course, the students are expected to:
1. Understand the various provisions for fire, plumbing and electrical
codes.
2. Analyze structural building permits requirements and implement
building plans.
3. Analyze the principles and concepts derived from the Philippine
Electric Code (PEC), Fire and Plumbing Code of the Philippines
4. Analyze construction methods and safety practices in actual
construction sites
5. Conduct a case study in providing solutions to problems which
pertains to plumbing, electrical, fire codes and construction
engineering.
PRELIM
PLUMBING
Plumbing the art and technique of installing pipes, fixtures, and
other apparatuses in buildings for bringing in the supply of
liquids, substances and/or ingredients and removing them; and
such water, liquid and other carried-wastes hazardous to health,
sanitation, life and property pipes and fixtures after installation
i.e., the ‘plumbing system’. (Section 217.6 The Revised National
Plumbing Code of the Philippines 1999)
 PLUMBING SYSTEM
Plumbing System includes all potable water supply and distribution pipes, all
plumbing fixtures and traps; all sanitary and storm drainage systems; vent
pipes, roof drains, leaders and downspouts; and all building drains and sewers,
including their respective joints and connections; devices, receptacles, and
appurtenances within the property; water lines in the premises; potable, tap,
hot and chilled water piping; potable water treating or using equipment; fuel
gas piping; water heaters and vents for same. (Section 217.12 NPC 1999)
A Plumbing system, reduced to its simplest terms, consists of a supply pipe
leading to a fixture and a drainpipe taking the used water away from this fixture.
The system constitutes the following:

1. The water supply and water distribution system. Carries water from the
water
source, street main or a pump to the building and to various points in the
building
at which water is used.
2. The plumbing fixtures. The receptacles that receive the supplied water
and allow
the occupants of the building to use the water.
3. The drainage system. The piping network within the building which
conveys from
the plumbing fixtures all wastes and fecal matter (sanitary drainage) as
well as
rainwater (storm drainage) to a point of disposal or a treatment facility.
THE PLUMBING CODE
The improper installation of plumbing may affect the health of the
occupants of a
building and create a center point for the spread of disease. The
possibility is of
sufficient public interests to require the regulation of plumbing by law. The
right of the
government to regulate the details of plumbing is based on the principle
of the
protection of public health.
The basic goal of the National Plumbing Code of the Philippines is to
ensure the
qualified observance of the latest provision of the plumbing and
environmental laws.
THE BASIC PRINCIPLES GOVERNING
THE NATIONAL PLUMBING CODE
1. All premises intended for human use or habitation shall be provided with a
supply of pure and wholesome water, neither connected to unsafe water supply nor
subject to backflow or back- siphonage.
2. Plumbing fixtures, devices and appurtenances shall be supplied with water
in sufficient volume and pressure adequate to function satisfactorily and without
undue
noise.
3. Plumbing shall be designed and adjusted to use the minimum quantity of
water consistent with proper performance and cleaning.
4. Devices for heating and storing water shall be so designed and installed as to
prevent dangers from explosion through overheating.
5. Every building abutting on a street, alley or easement with a public sewer
shall connect its plumbing fixtures to the sewer system
6. Each family dwelling unit shall have at least one water closet, one kitchen
type sink, a lavatory and a bathtub or shower to meet the basic requirements of
sanitation and personal hygiene.
7. Plumbing fixtures shall be made of smooth non-absorbent material, free from
concealed fouling surfaces and shall be located in ventilated enclosures.
8. The drainage system shall be designed, constructed and maintained to
safeguard against fouling, deposit of solids, clogging and with adequate cleanouts
so arranged that the pipes may be readily cleaned.
9. All piping shall be of durable NAMPAP-approved materials, free from
defective workmanship, designed and constructed by Registered Master Plumbers
to ensure satisfactory service.
10. Each fixture directly connected to the drainage system shall be equipped
with a water-sealed trap.
11. The drainage pipes piping system shall be designed to provide adequate
circulation of air free from siphonage, aspiration or forcing of trap seals under
ordinary use.
12. Vent terminals shall extend to the outer air and installed to prevent clogging
and the return of foul air to the building.
13. Plumbing systems shall be subjected to such tests to effectively disclose all
leaks and defects in the workmanship.
14. Substance which will clog the pipes, produce explosive mixtures, destroy
the pipes or their joints or interfere unduly with the sewage-disposal process shall
not be allowed to enter the building drainage system.
15. Proper protection shall be provided to prevent contamination of food, water,
sterile goods and similar materials by backflow of sewage. When necessary, the
fixture,
device or appliance shall be connected indirectly with the building drainage system.
16. No water closet shall be located in a room or compartment which is not properly
lighted and ventilated.
17. If there is no sewer system in the area, suitable provision shall be made for the
disposal of building sewage by some accepted method of sewage treatment and
disposal, such as a septic tank.
18. Where a plumbing drainage system may be subject to backflow of sewage,
suitable provision shall be made to prevent its overflow in the building.
19. Plumbing systems shall be maintained in serviceable condition by Registered
Master Plumbers.
20. All plumbing fixtures shall be installed properly spaced, to be accessible for
their intended use.
21. Plumbing shall be installed with due regard to the preservation of the strength
of structural members and the prevention of damage to walls and other surfaces
through fixture usage.
22. Sewage or other waste from plumbing systems, which may be deleterious to
surface or sub-surface waters shall not be discharged into the ground or into any
waterway, unless first rendered innocuous through subjection to some acceptable
form of treatment.
PLUMBING FIXTURES
FIXTURES- receptacles attached to a plumbing system other than a
trap in which water or waste may be collected or retained for ultimate
discharge into the plumbing system.

COMMON TYPES OF PLUMBING FIXTURES USED IN RESIDENCES

1. Water closet 4. Urinal
2. Lavatory 5. Bidet
3. Kitchen sink 6. Bath tub
WATER CLOSET- A plumbing fixture used to receive human
excremental and to discharge it through a waste pipe, using water as
a conveying medium. Water closets are classified according to
design, make, flushing mechanism, shape and installation.

A. TYPES OF WATER CLOSET AS TO DESIGN

1. Siphon washdown
2. Siphon jet
3. Siphon Vortex
4. Reverse trap
D. TYPES OF WATER CLOSET AS TO SHAPE
SANITATION
General Requirements
Subject to the provisions of Book II of the Civil Code of the
Philippines on Property, Ownership, and its Modification, all
buildings hereafter erected, altered, remodeled, relocated or
repaired for human habitation shall be provided with adequate
and potable water supply, plumbing installation, and suitable
wastewater treatment or disposal system, storm water drainage,
pest and vermin control, noise abatement device, and such other
measures required for the protection and promotion of health of
persons occupying the premises and others living nearby.
 Water Supply System
(a) Whenever available, the potable water requirements for a building used for human
habitation shall be supplied from existing municipal or city waterworks system.
(b) The quality of drinking water from meteoric, surface or underground sources shall
conform to the criteria set in the latest approved National Standards for Drinking Water.
(c) The design, construction and operation of deepwells for the abstraction of
groundwater
shall be subject to the provisions of the Water Code of the Philippines.
(d) The design, construction and operation of independent waterworks systems private
housing subdivisions or industrial estates shall be governed by existing laws relating to
local
waterworks system.
(e) The water piping installations inside buildings and premises shall conform to the
provisions of the National Plumbing Code of the Philippines.
PERMITS AND INSPECTION
MIDTERM
 Revised Fire Code of the Philippines of 2008

It is the policy of the State to ensure public safety and promote

economic development through the prevention and suppression of all
kinds of destructive fires and promote the professionalization of the
fire service as a profession. Towards this end, the State shall enforce all
laws, rules and regulations to ensure adherence to standard fire
prevention and safety measures, and promote accountability for fire
safety in the fire protection service and prevention service.
REQUIREMENTS FOR FIRE ZONES
FIRE-RESISTIVE REQUIREMENTS IN CONSTRUCTION
 BASIC FIRE SAFETY FEATURES OF A BUILDING

1. Automatic Fire Suppression System-Sprinkler System

2. Fire Hose Cabinet
3. Fire Detection and Alarm System-Smoke detectors
4. Means of Egress (Emergency Exit)
5. Portable Fire Extinguishers
CONDITIONS AFFECTING
FIREFIGHTER
FINALS
Electrical Regulations
All electrical systems, equipment and installation mentioned in
this Code shall conform to the provisions of the Philippine
Electrical Code, as adopted by the Board of Electrical
Engineering pursuant to Republic Act No. 184 otherwise known
as the Electrical Engineering Law.
ELECTRICAL CODE OF THE
PHILIPPINES
(a) Practical Safeguarding. The purpose of this Code is the practical safeguarding
of persons and property from hazards arising from the use of electricity.
(b) Adequacy. This Code contains provisions that are considered minimum
requirements necessary for safety. Compliance therewith and proper maintenance
will result in an installation that is essentially free from hazard but not necessarily
efficient, convenient, or adequate for good service or future expansion of electrical
use.
FPN No. 1: Hazards often occur because of overloading of wiring systems by methods or
usage not in conformity with this Code.This occurs because initial wiring did not provide for
increases in the use of electricity. An initial adequate installation and reasonable provisions
for system changes will provide for future increases in the use of electricity.
FPN No 2: It is highly recommended that a licensed electrical practitioner be consulted for
any electrical requirements, including changes. Failure to do so may result in fire, serious
injury, or death.
FPN No. 3: Fire hazard, electrocution, serious injury or even death may also occur with lack
or improper maintenance of wiring system. Wiring system is recommended to be inspected
and tested by a licensed electrical practitioner at least once a year for wiring system of more
than three (3) years in installation
REQUIREMENTS FOR ELECTRICAL INSTALLATIONS
Examination, Identification, Installation, and Use of Equipment.
WIRING AND PROTECTION
All premises wiring systems, other than circuits and systems exempted or
prohibited by 2.10.1.10, 2.15.1.7, 2.50.2.2, 2.50.2.3, 2.50.8.3, 5.3.3.56,
5.17.4.4, 6.68.1.11, 6.68.1.21, and 6.90.5.1 Exception, shall have a
grounded conductor that is identified in accordance with 2.0.1.6.
The grounded conductor, where insulated, shall have insulation that is
(1) suitable, other than color, for any ungrounded conductor of the
same circuit on circuits of less than 1000 volts or impedance grounded
neutral systems of 1 kV and over, or (2) rated not less than 600 volts
for solidly grounded neutral systems of 1 kV and over as described in
2.50.10.5(a).
LIGHT AND VENTILATION
STAIRWAY
EXIT OUTLET
PRE-FABRICATED CONSTRUCTION
SIGNS
SKYLIGHTS