PRESENTATION ON

AGRICULTURE &
ANIMAL
HUSBANDRY
NAME-ABHISHEK YADAV
CLASS-IX-A
SUBJECT-BIOLOGY
ROLL NO- 03
 AGRICULTURE
Agriculture is the science and art of
Cultivating plants and livestock.
Agriculture was the key
development in the rise of
sedentary
Human civilization, whereby
farming
of domesticated species created
food surpluses that enabled people
to live in cities. The history of
Agriculture began thousands of
years ago.
 CROP VARIETY IMPROVEMENT
In order to meet the demands with limited
resources, we need to apply a greater
effort. Crop variety improvement, crop
Production improvement and crop
Protection management are three major
Ways to improve food crops production.
Let
us Have a look at food crops and different
Methods of crop variety improvement .
Following are the methods to improve
crop variety
 HYBRIDIZATION
Hybridization is the process
of interbreeding between
individuals of different species
(interspecific hybridization)
or
Genetically
divergent individuals from the
same species
(intraspecific hybridization
Offspring produced by
hybridization may be fertile,
partially fertile, or sterile
 CROP PRODUCTION &
MANAGEMENT
Crop protection is the science
and practice of managing plant
diseases, weeds and
other pests (both vertebrate and
invertebrate)that damage
agricultural crops and forestry.
Agricultural crops include field
crops (maize, wheat, rice, etc.),
vegetable crops (potatoes, cabbages,
etc.) and fruits. The crops in field are
exposed to many factor. The crop
plants may be damaged by insects,
birds, rodents, bacteria, etc. Crop
protection encompasses:
 CROP PROTECTION
 Pesticide-based approaches such
as herbicides, insecticides and fungi
cides
 Biological pest control approaches
such as cover crops, trap
crops and beetle banks
 Barrier-based approaches such
as agrotextiles and bird netting
 Animal psychology-based
approaches such as bird scarers
 Biotechnology-based approaches
such as plant breeding and genetic
modification
 Gene Incorporation

Genes are responsible for the traits.Thus,

we can
improve crop quality and quantity by
Incorporating the genes with desirable
traits.This
method is more scientific and results in
genetically
Modified food crops. Crop production is
more like
a business in many countries.Thus, the
strains we
Develop must be economically profitable.
The
new varieties should be able to produce
maximum quality and quantity under
different
conditions and regions. Hence, we need to
be very
selective about seeds for its acceptance.
 ANIMAL HUSBANDRY
Animal husbandry is the branch
of agriculture concerned
with animals that are raised for
meat, fibre, milk, eggs, or other
products. It includes day-to-day
care, selective breeding and the
raising of livestock. ...
Modern animal husbandry relies
on production systems adapted
to the type of land available.
 CATTLE FARMING
 Cattle farming is the
process of raising
cattle from birth until the
point at which they provide
food or milk for consumption.
Beef cattle
farmers raise cattle until
they reach adulthood and are
large enough to produce
meat at
slaughter. Farmers also
take some cattle to auction
and sell them
 POULTRY FARMING
Poultry farming is the form
of animal husbandry which
raises domesticated birds such
as chickens, ducks, turkeys and ge
se to produce meat or eggs for food.
Poultry – mostly chickens – are
farmed in great numbers. More than
60 billion chickens are killed for
consumption annually. Chickens
raised for eggs are known as layers,
while chickens raised for meat are
called broilers.
 FISHERY
Fishery is an entity engaged in
raising or harvesting fish which is
determined by some authority to be
a fishery.According to the FAO, a
fishery is typically defined in terms of
the "people involved, species or type
of fish, area of water or seabed,
method of fishing, class of boats,
purpose of the activities or a
combination of the foregoing
features".The definition often
includes a combination of fish
and fishers in a region, the latter
fishing for similar species with similar
gear types.
 BEEKEEPING
Beekeeping (or apiculture) is the
maintenance of bee colonies,
commonly in man-made hives, by
humans. Most such bees
are honey bees in the genus Apis, but
other honey-producing bees such
as Melipona stingless bees are also kept.
A beekeeper (or apiarist) keeps bees in
order to collect their honey and other
products that the hive produce
(including beeswax, propolis, flower
pollen, bee pollen, and royal jelly),
to pollinate crops, or to produce bees for
sale to other beekeepers. A location
where bees are kept is called an apiary or "bee
yard".