HUMAN RIGHTS & SUHAKAM

SUHAKAM Act
1999
(Act 597)
 FUNCTIONs
EDUCATION & PROMOTION

ADVICE ON
LAWS/REGULATIONS/SOP

RECOMMENDATOPN ON
THE RATIFICATION OF
TREATIES
INQUIRY INTO
COMPLAINTS
 POWERs
To undertake
reseach

Advice on complaints
& recommendation
on appropriate
measure
Study & verify HR
infringement

Visit places of
detention

Issue public
statement Undertake appropriate
activities
Commissioners 2019 -
2020
Appointment Process

Yang Di-Pertuan Agong

Prime Minister

Selection Committee:
• KSN
• SUHAKAM Chairman
• 3 members from CSO
#ACT4CAT

#HENTISEKSA
PUBLICATIONS

Available on http://www.suhakam.org.my/publication/
 What does human
rights meant to
you?
Why we must care
about human
rights?
 Definition of Human
Rights
Human rights are rights inherent to all
human beings, whatever our nationality,
place of residence, sex, national or ethnic
origin, colour, religion, language, or any
other status. We are all equally entitled to
our human rights without discrimination.
These rights are all interrelated,
interdependent and indivisible.
 Human Rights and Religion

ISLAM
 History of Modern Human Rights

WWII Devastation (1939 – 45)

German Program to kill Nanking Massacre 1937

handicapped people because
they were ‘costly’ to
Taxpayers – ‘life unworthy
Hiroshima (1945) of living’ (1939 - 41)

Holocaust (1941-45)

• The establishment of United Nations in 1945

• UN Preamble – “WE THE PEOPLES OF THE UNITED NATIONS

DETERMINED to reaffirm faith in fundamental human rights,
in the dignity and worth of the human person, in the equal
rights of men and women and of nations large and small”
12
 UNIVERSAL DECLARATION OF
HUMAN RIGHTS 1948 (UDHR)

• Post World War-

2

• Adopted by
UNGA on 10 Dec
1948

• Non-binding
document
13
 Video Clip:
Universal Declaration of Human Rights
 UNIVERSAL DECLARATION OF
HUMAN RIGHTS 1948
All human beings are born free and equal
30 Articles in No one can
take away
the UDHR Everyone is etitled to all rights and freedoms without
these rights
distinction
from you!
Everyone has the right to life, liberty and security of person

Right to recognition as a
Prohibition of Prohibition of torture, or
person before the law
slavery cruel, inhuman or degrading
treatment or punishment 15
 UNIVERSAL DECLARATION OF
HUMAN RIGHTS 1948

All are equal before the law Rights to an

and entitled to equal effective remedy Prohibition of arbitrary
protection of the law arrest, detention or exile

Equality to a fair and

public hearing in the Rights to be presumed Prohibition of
determination of rights innocent until proved interference into
and obligations and of guilty privacy life
any criminal charge
16
 UNIVERSAL DECLARATION OF
HUMAN RIGHTS 1948

Right to nationality Right to marry and

Right to seek asylum
found a family

Right to own Freedom of thought, Freedom of

property conscience and religion opinion and
expression
17
 UNIVERSAL DECLARATION OF
HUMAN RIGHTS 1948

Right to take part in the

government, equal access Right to social security &
Freedom of peaceful entitled to realization of social
to public service & equal
assembly & association suffrage & cultural rights

Right to work, equal

pay, just and Right to a
Right to rest and leisure
favourable standard of living
remuneration and for health and
right to form/join well-being 18
trade union
 PERISYTIHARAN
HAK ASASI MANUSIA SEJAGAT

right freely to participate in

the cultural life of the Everyone is entitled to
community, to enjoy the arts social and international
Right to education and to share in scientific order in which the rights
advancement can be realized

Exercise of rights can only No state, group or

be limited for securing person can use
due recognition and these rights to
respect for the rights and impinge on any of
freedoms of others the rights and
freedoms of others.

19
 FEDERAL CONSTITUTION
Article 5. Liberty of the person
Article 6. Slavery and forced labour prohibited
Article 7. Protection against retrospective criminal laws
and repeated trials
Article 8. Equality
Article 9. Prohibition of banishment and freedom of
movement
Article 10. Freedom of speech, assembly and association
Article 11. Freedom of religion
Article 12. Rights in respect of religion
Article 13. Rights to property
Derogable
rights

Non Derogable
rights
 MENGIKAT NEGARA KEPADA HAK ASASI MANUSIA
• Untuk mengatasi bentuk UDHR yang tidak mengikat
UDHR
Kovenan Antarabangsa Kovenan Antarabangsa mengenai
mengenai Hak Sivil dan Hak Ekonomi, Sosial dan Budaya
Politik 1976 (ICCPR) 1976 (ICESCR)
Konvesnyen Mengenai Hak Kanak-Kanak (CRC)
Konvensyen Mengenai Penghapusan Segala Bentuk Diskriminasi Terhadap Wanita
(CEDAW)
Konvensyen Menentang Penderaan dan Layanan atau Hukuman lain yang Kejam, Tidak
Berperikemanusiaan dan Menjatuhkan Maruah (CAT)
Konvensyen Antarabangsa Mengenai Perlindungan Hak Semua Pekerja Migran dan Ahli
Keluarga Mereka
Konvensyen Mengenai Hak Orang Kurang Upaya (CRPD)
Konvensyen Antarabangsa Mengenai Penghapusan Segala Bentuk Diskriminasi
Perkauman (ICERD)
Konvensyen Antarabangsa untuk Perlindungan Semua Individu daripada Kehulangan
22
Paksa (ICPED)
 HUMAN RIGHTS-
COMPLIANT STATE
• Enforcement of lawa
• Mahkamah memberikan
keadilan dalam penghakiman
• Rakyat menikmati hak-hak
kebebasan dan kekayaan
secara samarata
• Negara dihormati di peringkat
antarabangsa
• Contoh Negara Norway
HUMAN RIGHTS NON-
COMPLIANT STATE
• Penguatkuasaan undang-
undang secara selektif dan
rasuah
• Mahkamah menafikan keadilan
kepada golongan tertindas
• Rakyat disekat kebebasan
bersuara dan kekayaan hanya
untuk golongan elit
• Negara dikecam di peringkat
antarabangsa
• Contoh Negara Switzerland
Indeks Pembangunan Manusia UNDP 2018 (10 teratas)
Indeks Pembangunan Manusia UNDP 2018 (10 di
bawah)
Indeks Pembangunan Manusia UNDP 2018 (Kedudukan
Malaysia
 Rights and Duties
always go together
 Q&A

Terima kasih!

SURUHANJAYA HAK ASASI MANUSIA MALAYSIA

TINGKAT 11, MENARA TH PERDANA
JALAN SULTAN ISMAIL
50250 KUALA LUMPUR
0326125600
complaints@suhakam.org.my /
humanrights@suhakam.org.my
http://www.suhakam.org.my