Automobile comfort System

and Accessories
Presentation
By:
Paramjit Bhatia
Pawan Kumar
Ram Mangla
Suspension
System
What is suspension system?
It is the whole system comprising of
springs, shock absorbers, knuckle( upright)
and various linkages that connects wheels
to the vehicle.
 It basically serves dual purposes
1. Complements smooth braking and
steering actions
2. Prevents car mountings, passengers and
luggage from shocks or jerks
Main components of suspension
system
1. Knuckle( upright)

It is that component of suspension system which

remains in direct contact with the wheel hub and
through which wheel and remaining suspension system
remains connected via linkages.
It provides housing for the central bearing over which
wheel hub remains mounted. Hence, wheel hub and
eventually wheel rotates with the rotation of the bearing.
This knuckle is provided with caster angle which helps in
smooth steering of the wheel in whichever direction
driver wants.
2. Linkages
These are the rigid connections
connecting knuckle with the main frame
of the body
These linkages remains connected at both
the ends via mechanical fasteners.
On the basis of type of suspension
used, linkages are of three types:
1. Double Wishbone( A-arm)
2. Solid axle( Live axle)
3. Multiple link
 Double wishbone( A-arm)
This type of linkage is used in independent
type of suspension system.
It is in the form of A shape with pointed end
of A connected to knuckle and the two arm
the main frame.
Depending upon the utility of vehicle either
single or double A-arm is used.
 Solid axle( Live axle)
It is used in dependent type of suspension system.
It directly connects the knuckle on left and right
side of both front and rear wheels. Overall weight
of the vehicle remains supported on the solid axle.
 Multiple link
In high ended cars, instead of wishbone and solid
axle, multiple link is employed in which multiple
links connect knuckle to the main frame.
3. Springs and shock absorbers( dampers)
These are flexible mechanical components that are used
to absorb shocks provided by rough road condition or by
any other means.
These are placed in between the linkages and the main
frame so that minimum shock is transmitted to the main
frame
Depending upon the degree of shock absorbing capacity
and utility, shock absorbers are of following 3 types:
a. Spring and damper type
b. Leaf spring
c. Air spring
Spring and damper type
It mainly works on hydraulic principle but sometime
pneumatic type of dampers are also employed.
This damper remains surrounded by compression
spring which compresses in case of any bump and
recoil back to its original shape once force is removed.
Springs functions the complementary action with
dampers.
The main functions of spring is :
To maintain firm contact of wheels with the road by
providing resistance to compress.
To help damper completely regain its original position.
Leaf Spring
It is the type of spring consisting of ductile
metal plates called leaves and arranged in a
special parallel fashion in an ascending order of
their length.
These springs are pre stressed such that when
any shock happens the leaves regain their
original position ( straighten) and once force is
removed again regain their stressed condition.
These springs are mainly used in trucks placed
in between the linkages and the main frame.
Air Spring
In air spring, damping action is provided by
air compression which is monitored and
controlled by Electric Control Unit.
Types of suspension system
1. Independent suspension system
2. Dependent suspension system
1. Independent Suspension system
It is that type of suspension system in which all 4
wheels of the vehicle are free i.e. there is no relative
motion between the front and rear pair of wheels and
all wheels are connected independently to the main
frame.
Hence when one wheel encounters a bump or
shock ,it doesn’t get transmitted to the other wheel.
The main advantage it serves over its counterpart is
that the contact between the wheel and the surface
is maintained throughout which enhance the stability
of the vehicle.
Double wishbone suspension system is an example
of this type which is mainly used in formula cars
2. Dependent Suspension system
In this type both the front and the rear pair of
wheels remain connected by solid axle due
to which upward motion due to bump in any
of the wheel causes slight lift on the other
wheel of same pair.
This type of system is mainly used in heavy
trucks
Air conditioner
Thank
you