Department of Technical Education

Andhra Pradesh
Name : Y. Krishna
Designation : Senior Lecturer
Branch : Mechanical Engineering
Institution : GPT.Kothagudem
Year/semester : IV Semester
Subject : Thermal Engineering–II
Subject code : M405
Topic : I.C.Engine
Duration : 50 minutes
Sub-topic : Classification of I.C.engines
Teaching Aids : ppt
Revised by : S.V.V.Ramana
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 OBJECTIVES
On completion of this period you would be able to
know
• An Internal combustion engine
• The advantages of internal combustion
engines over external combustion engines.
• Classification of internal combustion engines
• Draw the neat sketch of an I.C. engine and
label the various parts

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 Known to unknown
• Do you know how water is lifted from well?
Ans: By a pump
• How the pump runs ?
Ans: With the help of petrol engine or diesel engine or
electric motor
• How a bus runs?
Ans: With the help of diesel engine
• How a motor cycle runs?
Ans : With the help of a petrol engine

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 Known to unknown
• How the petrol and diesel engines work ?

Ans: Using petrol and diesel as fuels

• What is done with these fuels?

Ans: The fuels are ignited and burnt

• Where the ignition of fuel takes place?

Ans: Inside the engine, in the cylinder

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 Known to unknown
• An engine in which fuel is burnt inside the engine
cylinder is known as
Ans : Internal combustion engine
Ex: Petrol or diesel engines
• An engine in which fuel is burnt outside the engine
cylinder is known as
Ans: External combustion engine
Ex: Steam engine

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 Heat engines

• Both Internal combustion engines and External

combustion engines are Known as Heat engines

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 Definition of Heat Engine
It is a device which transforms the chemical energy
of a fuel into heat energy and utilizes this energy to perform
some useful work.

Classification of Heat Engines:

Heat Engines can be broadly classified into two
categories
1) Internal Combustion Engine ( I.C Engines)
2) External Combustion Engine (E.C Engines)

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 Classification of Heat Engines (contd.,)

1. I.C. Engine:
a) Reciprocating engines
1) Petrol engines
2) Diesel engines
3) Gas engines
b) Rotary engines (Gas turbines)
2 E.C. Engine:
a) Reciprocating engines
b) Rotary engines ( Steam turbines)

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Advantages of I.C.Engines over E.C.Enigines

• More compact and occupy less space

• Starting is easy and quick

• Possesses high thermal efficiency

• Simple in design and low initial cost

• Mass of engine per unit power output is low

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 Classification of I.C.Engines

I.C engines are classified under different criteria

• 1) Type of fuel used
a) Petrol Engines
b) Diesel Engines
c) Gas Engines

• 2) Nature of cycle used

a) Otto Cycle
b) Diesel Cycle
c) Dual Combustion Cycle

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Classification of I.C.Engines (contd.,)
• 3) No. of Stroke Required
a) Four Stroke Engines
b) Two Stroke Engines
• 4) Method of Ignition
a) Spark. Ignition (S.I.) Engines
b) Compression Ignition (C.I.) Engines
• 5) No. of Cylinders
a) Single Cylinder Engines
b) Multi Cylinder Engines

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Classification of I.C.Engines (contd.,)
• 6) Method of Cooling
a) Air Cooled Engines
b) Water Cooled Engines
• 7) Method of Governing
a) Quality Governed Engines
b) Quantity Governed Engines
c) Hit and Miss method Governed Engines
• 8) Method of Charging
a) Natural Aspirated Engines
b) Super Charged Engines

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 Classification of I.C.Engines (contd.,)
• 9) Arrangement of Cylinders
a) Horizontal
b) Vertical
c) V- engine
d) Inline
e) Radial
10) Speed of the Engine
a) Low Speed Engines
b) Medium Speed Engines
c) High Speed Engines

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 Classification of I.C.Engines (contd.,)

• 11) Application
a) Stationery Engines.
b) Marine Engines.
c) Locomotive Engines.
d) Aircraft Engines.
e) Automotive Engines.

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 I.C.Engine Parts

Fig. 1
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I.C.Engine Parts

Fig.2
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 SUMMARY
In this period we have discussed about

• Advantages of I.C. Engines over E.C. engines

• Classification of I.C. Engines

• Sketch of an I.C. Engine and label its parts

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 QUIZ
1) Which of the following engine possess high thermal
efficiency
(a) E.C. Engine
(b) I.C. Engine
(c) Steam Engine
(d) None of the above

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 QUIZ
2) S.I. Engine works on principle of following cycle
(a) Diesel cycle
(b) Otto cycle
(c) Dual combustion cycle
(d) None of the above

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 QUIZ

3) Which method of ignition takes place in

diesel engine
(a) spark ignition
(b) compression ignition
(c) battery ignition
(d) None of the above

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 Frequently asked questions
1. What is an I.C Engine – Define?

2. How I.C engines are classified based on cycle of

operations ?

3. What are the advantages of I.C Engines over E.C

Engines?

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