Activity and Exercise

Pattern
An activity –exercise pattern:
Refers to a person's routine
exercise, activity, leisure, and
recreation: it includes
Activities of daily living (ADLs) that
require energy expenditure such as
hygiene, cooking, shopping, eating,
working, and home maintenance,
and
The type, quality and quantity of
exercise, including sports.
sports.
 Exercise
Physical activity is "bodily movement
produced by skeletal muscles
requires energy expenditure and
produces progressive health benefits."
Exercise is "a type of physical activity
defined as a planned, structured, and
repetitive bodily movement to
improve or maintain one or more
components of
Activity tolerance is the type and
amount of exerciseor daily
activities an individual is able to perform
without experiencing adverse effects
 Type of exercise:
Exercise involves the active contraction
and relaxation of muscles
Exercise can be classified according to the
type of muscle contraction
(isotonic, isometric, or isokinetic)
and according to the source of energy
(aerobic or anaerobic).
 Isotonic exercises:
Muscle shortens to produce contraction
and active movement .e.g. running,
walking, swimming, cycling)
* Advantages:
1- Increase muscle tone mass,
strength.
2- Maintain joint flexibility and
circulation.
 Isometric exercises:
There is
is muscle contraction without
moving the joint
* useful for strengthening abdominal,
gluteal muscles
* No change in muscle length
* No joint movement
* Maintaining strength in immobilized
muscle
Isokinetic (resistive) exercises:
It involves muscle contraction or tension
against resistance, can be either isotonic
and isometric.
These exercises are used in physical
conditioning & are often done to build
certain muscle groups.
 Aerobic exercise:
is activity during which the amount of
oxygen taken in the body is greater than
that used to perform the activity.
These exercises use the large groups of
muscle, are performed continuously, and
are rhythmic in nature. For example
walking, running, dancing, aerobic
exercise improve cardiovascular
conditioning and physical fitness.
 Anaerobic exercise:
involves activity in which the the muscles
cannot draw out enough oxygen from the
bloodstream.
And anaerobic pathways are used to
provide additional energy for the short
time. this type of exercise is used in
endurance training for athletes.
 References
Crisp ,Jackie, Potter & Perry's (2003),
(2003),
Fundamentals of Nursing: (Australian ed).
Mosby.
Carpenito J.L.(2002), Nursing Diagnosis:
th
Application to Clinical Practice (9 ed).
Lippincott.
Kozier, Barbara, et al. (2004)
Fundamentals of Nursing
THANKS FOR THE
ATTENTION