2008 Hazard

Hazard Recognition and Risk
Analysis
Hazard Recognition and Risk Analysis

Question…
“What are we doing,

that we have always
done, that is no longer
an acceptable risk?”
Hazard Recognition and Risk 2

Analysis
Learning Objectives
After completing this training you will be
able to:
 Discuss personal risk tolerance, what
influences our decisions and how to
assess what is acceptable risk
 Identify safety and health hazard types
associated with a given job task
 Apply risk reduction methods and equip
you with a tool to analyze risk
assessment to keep you safer
Analysis
Definitions
 Hazard Recognition – Recognizing a
condition or behavior that can cause
harm
 Risk Analysis – Analyzing the
probability and severity of risk in
order to reduce the chance that harm
will occur

Analysis
Injuries: A Matter of
Probabilities
Truck Trailer Moves,
driver jumps to the
ground and lift truck 1
rolls over him
FATAL
Driver jumps to the

ground and breaks
his leg 30
LOST-TIME
INJURIES
Driver jumps to
the ground and
sprains his ankle 300
INJURIES REQUIRING MEDICAL
ATTENTION
Lift truck is driven
into truck trailer
and trailer moves 3,000
NEAR-MISSES OR FIRST AID
Wheel chocks not in
place at rear 30,000
wheels of trailer HAZARDS
Unsafe Acts
Unsafe Conditions
Analysis
Why is Risk Analysis and
Reduction Important?
 What are some examples of
occupational injuries and illnesses
that you have seen?
 What were the impacts of those
injuries
 On the employee?
 To his/her family?
 To his/her co-workers?
 To the business?
Analysis
Personal Risk Tolerance
How do we decide what is

risky?
Let’s look at examples of
activities and rate the risk
level of each activity.
Analysis
What’s Your Personal Risk
Tolerance?
What is your personal risk perception of Low High
the following activities? 1 2 3 4 5
1. Bungee jumping
2. Sunbathing
3. Traveling by plane
4. Mountain biking
5. Traveling overseas
6. Driving without a seat belt
7. Smoking
8. Skiing
9. Skateboarding
10. Driving at 10 miles per hour over the speed limit
11. Disagreeing with your spouse (or significant other)

Analysis
Factors That Influence Our
Decisions
 Personal Factors  Organizational
 Experience Factors
(Positive/negative)  Safety System
 Knowledge/Skill  Leadership
 Age Behaviors
 Physical Ability  Peer Behaviors
 Situational
Factors
 Stress
 Rushing
 Control
Analysis
Personal Factors
What personal beliefs would motivate someone do this?

Analysis
Our Actions Are Driven By
Organizational Beliefs
 Safety Systems
 Are systems in place to encourage
people to do the job with minimal risk?
 Leadership Behaviors
 Are at-risk, time-saving actions
accepted?
 Peer Behaviors
 Do our co-workers encourage at risk
behavior?
Analysis
Organizational Factors
What is in the safety system that would allow this?

Analysis
The Social Environment and
Cultural Resistance to Change
I feel comfortable doing this
and have done it this way a
thousand times before
PPE is
uncomfortable
“ Safety slows a job down ”

Analysis
Risk Perception
 We perceive risk differently
 Many factors influence our decision
 By understanding our risk tolerance
and personal / organizational factors,
we can prevent injuries

Analysis
Objective Reasoning vs.
Personal Opinion
Use the risk assessment matrix instead

of relying on one person’s assessment
of what is “risky”

Analysis
Accessing Acceptable Risk
 Probability
 Unlikely – not likely to occur
 Likely – may occur
 Very likely –near certain to occur
 Severity
 Marginal – Minor Injury or First Aid
 Critical – Injury or Lost Time Injury
 Catastrophic – Death or Permanent
Disability
Analysis
Using the Risk Analysis tool to
determine risk
PROBABILITY Unlikely Likely Very Likely
Marginal 1 1 2
Critical 1 2 3
Catastrophic 2 3 3
The intersection of PROBABILITY

SEVERITY and SEVERITY in the chart above
equals the Risk Code.

Analysis
What Risk Code Would You
Assign?

Analysis
Identifying Hazards
 Identify hazards  Types of Hazards
before starting a  Unsafe conditions
task:  Unsafe acts
 What is involved (behaviors)
in this task that
can hurt me or my
co-workers?
 How can I/we
keep from being
hurt while
performing this
task?
Analysis
Assessing the Risks
 Surroundings
 Work, equipment and tools
 Likelihood and extent of harm – what
is the risk code?

Analysis
Developing a Safe Solution or
Plan
 Can I eliminate the hazard?
 Can I minimize the risks?
 Do I need help?
 Is there a better time to do the work?
 Do others need to be informed?
 What specific PPE and tools are required?
 What lock out or permit is needed?
 Is there a JSA or reliable method/procedure
I need to review?
Analysis
What is the Safe Solution?
Decide if someone could be
immediately injured.
 If it is an emergency (Risk Code greater
than 1)
 Talk to your supervisor and reach agreement on
how to get the issue fixed as quickly as possible.
 If it is NOT an emergency ….

Analysis
Not Sure of a Safe Process to
Use?
 If the risk is beyond “Marginal” in

severity and “Likely” or “Unlikely” to
occur I need to contact my supervisor
and/or the safety department
 Share my concerns – discuss at post-
outage meetings, team meetings, etc.
 Act safely, Follow your solution/plan

Analysis
Let’s Try the Process!
 View the picture and then…

 Identify the hazards
 Assess the risks
 Develop a safe solution or plan

Analysis
Example

Analysis
Risk Assessment …
 What hazards did you identify?
 What risk assessment code did you
identify for those hazards?
 What safe solutions or plans did you
come up with?

Analysis
Review: Before and After
 Prior to performing a task yourself
 Recognize - What is involved in this job that can
hurt me or my co-workers?
 Reduce - How can I/we keep from being hurt while
doing this job?
 After performing a task ask each other
 What was your assessment of the situation?
 What risks you identified?
 What were the identified controls?
 What can be shared with others?
 Share learnings at post outage meetings, team
meetings, etc.

Analysis
Injury Prevention Activities
 JSAs/Procedures
 Engineering/Design
 Training
 Housekeeping
 Inspections/Audits
 Safety meetings
Participate in injury prevention
activities on and off the job

Analysis
What About the Hazards You
Can’t Control?

Analysis
What About the Workplace Processes
that Have Specific Controls?

Analysis
Learning Objectives - How Did
We Do?
After completing this training you will be
able to:
Discuss personal risk tolerance, what
influences our decisions and how to
assess what is acceptable risk
Identify safety and health hazard
types associated with a given job task
Apply risk reduction methods to keep
you safer
Analysis
Summary and Evaluation
 Ask for input
 Complete class evaluation

Analysis

2008 Hazard

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Hazard Recognition and Risk

Hazard Recognition and Risk Analysis

“What are we doing,

Hazard Recognition and Risk 2

Hazard Recognition and Risk 4

Driver jumps to the

How do we decide what is

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“ Safety slows a job down ”

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Use the risk assessment matrix instead

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The intersection of PROBABILITY

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 If the risk is beyond “Marginal” in

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 View the picture and then…

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