Defn: Changes food

you eat into nutrients

that your cells can
use.

Digestion: Food is
chemically changed
so that it can be
absorbed into the
bloodstream.
1. Ingestion: taking in food
2. Mechanical & Chemical Digestion
 3. Absorption:
taking in
nutrients by cells

4. Egestion:
removing any
leftover wastes
1. MOUTH
• Teeth: Grinds your
food.
• Tongue: Helps to
push food into your
esophagus.
• Salivary Glands:
Produce the saliva in
your mouth.
Bolus- is a rounded
mass or ball of food.
Amylase, an enzyme
in saliva that breaks
down carbohydrates
Uvula: Covers the nasal passage
2. ESOPHAGUS: The
tube that carries food
from the mouth to
the stomach.
- 20 cm long

Epiglottis: The flap

of skin that covers
the trachea
A ring of muscle
that moves food
through the
digestive
system.
3. STOMACH: Stores
all the food.
: It mixes food with
gastric juices that
contains enzymes

Hydrochloric acids can kill the bacteria in the stomach

Sphincter muscles:
The muscles found
at each end of the
stomach.
Chyme: It is the
digested bolus
found in stomach.
4.Small Intestine
• roughly 7 m.long
• Villi: Tiny finger like
projections on the inner
walls of the small
intestine where
absorption takes
place.
 5. Large intestine
• about 1.5 m long
• absorbs nutrients
left behind by small
intestine
• absorbs additional
water
• bacterial digestion
• concentrates wastes
 Last Journey
All leftover waste is
compacted and stored at
the end of the large
intestine called the
rectum.
When full, the anal
sphincter loosens and
the waste, called feces,
passes out of the body
through the anus.
 Accesory Organs
1. Liver: Makes bile and
sends it to the gall
bladder.
- filters toxins such as
alcohol,drugs & poisons.
Bile: A substance
produced by the liver
and stored in the 2. gall
bladder.
- aids in figestion of fat.
3. Pancreas:
produce digestive
enzymes to digest
fats, carbohydrates
and proteins.
- used to regulate
vblood sugar by
producing insulin.
 1.

2.

4.
3.
5.
6.

8. 7.

11. 9.

10.
Indigestion: Stomach too
acidic, may be caused by
eating too fast or too
much or by spicy or
acidic foods.
Diarrhea: Watery feces;
caused by bacteria,
virus, food poisoning,
nutritional deficiencies.
Ulcers: Sores on the
inner walls of the
stomach or small
Intestines.
Cirrhosis:
Destruction on liver
tissue; caused by
drinking too much
alcohol.
Gallstones: Crystals
in gallbladder; may
block passage of bile
to small intestines.
Appendicitis:
Inflammation of the
appendix
Problems of the Digestive System
Colon Cancer:
Uncontrolled growth
of abnormal cells in
large intestine.
The best way to take care of the
digestive is to practice healthful eating
habits
 Eat a variety of food from different food
groups, low in fat high in fiber.
 Do not hurry through your meals. Enjoy
your food
 Eat enough food to satisfy your hunger.
 Drink plenty of water.
 Have regular dental checkups