Artificial Neural Networks

- Introduction -

Birinderjit Singh Kalyan OF AEROSPACE

DEPARTMENT
EE ENGGINEERING
UNIVERSITY INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING
Assistant Professor UNIVERSITY, MOHALI
CHANDIGARH
STRENGTH OF MATERIALS
AST205
Session : July- Dec 2018

Bhagel Singh – E5031

Assistant Professor
Chandigarh University
Aero.coordinator@cumail.in
 COURSE OBJECTIVES

1) Strength of Materials is a fundamental subject needed

primarily for the students of Mechanical sciences.
2) As the engineering design of different components,
structures etc. used in practice are done using different
kinds of materials, it is essential to understand the basic
behavior of such materials.
3) The objective of the present course is to make the
students acquainted with the concept of load resultant,
consequences and how different kinds of loadings can
be withstood by different kinds of members with some
specific materials.
 LEARNING OBJECTIVES

 The students will came to know about the difference between

columns and struts.
The students will come to know about the failure of columns
under different end conditions.
 The condition of equivalent length of beams
Graphical method to find the failure load and equivalent load
 BASIC CONCEPTS
• Column - A bar or a member of a structure inclined at 90° to the
horizontal and carrying an axial compressive load is called a
column.
• Slenderness ratio - The ratio of the equivalent length of the
column to the least radius of gyration is called the slenderness
ratio.
• Buckling load- The minimum axial load at which the column
tends to have lateral displacement & buckle is called the
buckling, crippling or critical load.
• Equivalent length- It is the length of the column which gives
the same , as given by a both ends hinged column.
 BASIC CONCEPTS

• Short Column- A column for which the slenderness ratio is

less than 8 is called a short column.
• Medium Column- A column for which the slenderness
ratio lies between 32 and 120 is called a medium column.
• Long Column- A column for which the slenderness ratio is
more than 120 called a long column.
• Safe load- It is the load under which the column will not
buckle
 EULER’S THEORY OF COLUMNS

The following assumptions are made in this theory:

1. The column is initially straight and the applied load is truly axial.
2. The material of the column is homogeneous, linear and isotropic.
3. The length of the column is very large as compared to the cross-
sectional dimensions of the column.
4. The cross-section of the column is uniform throughout.
5. The shortening of the column due to axial compression is
negligible.
6. The self weight of the column is neglected.
7. The ends of the column are frictionless.
 Depending upon the end conditions, there are four types
. of columns.

• Both ends hinged

• Both ends fixed
• One end fixed and other end hinged
• One end fixed and other end free

www. cuchd.in Campus : Gharaun, Mohali

 COLUMN HINGED AT BOTH ENDS

Consider a column having both ends hinged and carrying an axial

compressive load P as shown in Fig. 7.1. Taking origin at A,
. the bending moment at a distance x is:
 COLUMN FIXED AT BOTH ENDS
Consider the column fixed at both ends as shown in Fig. Let MA id MB
be the fixing moments at the ends. At a distance x from A,
COLUMN FIXED AT ONE END AND HINGED AT
THE OTHER
COLUMN FIXED AT ONE END AND
FREE AT THE OTHER
 LIMITATIONS OF EULER’S THEORY
1. The Euler’s theory is applicable to columns which are
initially exactly straight and the load is truly axial.
However, there is always some crookedness in the
column and the load may not be exactly axial.
2. This theory is applicable to long columns only.
3. This theory does not take into account the axial
compressive stress.
RANKINE’S FORMULA
 LEARNING OUTCOMES

1) The student know about the failure of columns

and struts.
2) Graphs of failure due to various end conditions
3) Drive the formula of failure which can be applied
to both short and long column.

www. cuchd.in Campus : Gharaun, Mohali

 COURSE OUTCOMES

1) Analyze and design structural members subjected to

tension, compression, torsion, bending and combined
stresses using the fundamental concepts of stress, strain
and elastic behavior of materials.
2) Utilize appropriate materials in design considering
engineering properties, sustainability, cost and weight.
3) Perform engineering work in accordance with ethical and
economic constraints related to the design of structures
and machine parts.
 APPLICATIONS

1) To find out the stresses on aircraft parts and components.

2) Which will be helpful for students to investigate the strength of
aircraft structure like wings, fuselage etc..
3) To find the maximum stress when a wind subjected to two
dimensional stresses.

www. cuchd.in Campus : Gharaun, Mohali

 RECOMMENDED BOOKS
Sr Title Author Editi Year Publisher Name
.No on
1 Mechanics of Timoshenko 2nd 2006 CBS PUBLISHERS
Materials Gere

2 Engineering EGOR.P.PO 2nd 2002 PEARSON

Mechanics of POV
Solids
3 Mechanics of David 2nd 2012 Global Ed
Materials Mazurek
(Global Ed)

4 Mechanics of B.C.PUNMI 3rd 2017 LAXMI

Materials A PUBLICATIONS

23
 REFERENCES

1. D.H Shames, Introduction to Solid Mechanics, Prentice Hall

Inc.
2. GH Ryder, Strength of Materials – ( MacMillan)
3. Crandall &Dahi, An introduction to Mechanics of Solids –
( McGraw Hill )
1. Gere, Mechanics of Materials (Cengage Learning)
2. Hibler, Mechanics of Materials (Pearson Education)
THANK YOU