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Karen Horney vs.

Erik
H. Erikson
Karen
Horney
Feminist neo-analytic theory
1885-
1952

Rejection of Freudian notion


of penis envy
Women envy cultural
Experience cultural
power and mobility
inferiority
offered to men
Karen Horney and Sigmund
Freud
Big Emphasis on Childhood
⚫Children have 2 basic needs:
o Safety
o Satisfaction
Basic Evil
⚫Domination, indifference, erratic
behavior, lack of respect for the
child’s individual needs, lack of
guidance and reliable warmth etc.
Basic Anxiety
⚫ Feelings of
helplessness and
insecurity that
adults experience
because as children
they felt alone and
isolated in a hostile
environment
Neuroticism
⚫When alienated from the Real Self,
people develop neurotic coping
strategies
◦ Moving toward
● Striving to make others happy and gain love
◦ Moving against
● Striving for power and recognition
◦ Moving away
● Withdrawal of emotional investment
Ten Neurotic Trends
1. Need for affection and approval
2. Need for a partner who will run one’s life
3. Need to live one’s life within narrow limits
4. Need for power
5. Need to exploit others
6. Need for social recognition and prestige
7. Need for personal admiration
8. Need for ambition and personal achievement
9. Need for self-sufficiency and independence
10. Need for perfection and unassailability
Aspects of the Self
◦ Real self
● The inner core of personality
◦ Despised self
● Feelings of inferiority and shortcomings
◦ Ideal self
● One’s view of perfection
● “Tyranny of the should”

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eqO3cmoF
oQg
Goals
⚫Acceptance of
the Real Self
Erik Erikson
1902-1994
⚫Neo-analytic
stage theory
⚫Posits that
development
continues
throughout
life
Erik Erikson and Sigmund
Freud
⚫Unlike Freudian psychoanalytic theory,
not focused on libido and sexual
gratification
⚫Erikson’s developmental theory goes
beyond Adolescence as opposed to
Freud’s
Ego
⚫Defined ego as a person’s ability to
unify experiences and actions in an
adaptive manner.
Aspects of the Ego
⚫Three interrelated aspects:
o The Body Ego – physical self as
different from others, and out
satisfaction or dissatisfaction with our
body and looks
o The Ego Ideal – image of ourselves in
comparison with an established idea
o The Ego Identity – image we have in a
variety of social roles
Development
⚫Structured as a series of “ego crises”
to be resolved
◦ Outcome of successful resolution of each
stage is an “ego skill” mastered
Stages 1-4
Stages 5-8
Psychosocial Stages of Development
View of Free Will
⚫Though personality is largely
determined by unconscious forces,
individuals do have the ability to
overcome these
Common assessment
techniques
⚫Varies from free association to
situational and autobiographical
study, with an emphasis on self-
concept
Implications for Therapy
⚫As with psychoanalytic therapy,
insight into inner motives is key
⚫But because the ego is central, there
is less concern with unconscious
motivation

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