CHAPTER 3

Communication for
Various Purposes
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1. Informative Communication – Involves

giving than asking. As an informative
communicator, you want you’re your receivers
to pay attention and understand but not to
change their behavior.
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When people share knowledge about the

world in which they live, they are
participating in the process of informative
communication. Informative messages
attempt to present an objective—that is,
truthful and unbiased—view of the topics
being considered.
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Osborn (2009) purports that

informative communication
arises out of three deep
impulses.
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a. We seek to expand our

awareness of the world around
us.
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b. We seek to become more

competent.
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c. We have an abiding
curiosity about how things
work and how they are made.
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When preparing for an

informative exchange, ask
yourself the following
questions:
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1. Is my topic noteworthy to be
considered informative?
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2. What do my recipients
already know about my topic?
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3. What more do they have to

know?
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4. Am I knowledgeable enough
of my topic to help my
receivers understand it?
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Persuasive Communication
– is an art of gaining fair and
favorable considerations for
our point of view. It:
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a. Provides a choice
another options.
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b. Advocates
something through a
speaker
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c. Uses supporting
material to justify
advice
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d. Turns the audience

into agents of change.
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e. Asks for strong

audience commitment.
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f. Gives importance to
the speaker’s
credibility.
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g. Appeals to feelings
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h. Has higher ethical

obligation
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3. Argumentative Communication
– relies heavily on sound proof
reasoning. The nature of proof has
been studied since the Golden Age of
Greece and has been improved
through time.
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According to Aristotle,logos,
ethos and pathos are the three
primary forms of proof
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Lucas, (2007) claims that to

avoid detective argumentation ,
the following must be
considered:
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1. Defective Evidence
a. Misuse of facts
b. Statistical fallacies
c. Defective Testimony
d. Inappropriate evidence
2. Defective Patterns of reasoning
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- Evidential Fallacies
a. Slippery Slope (chain)
b. Confusing facts with opinion
c. Red Herring (divert)
d. Myth of the Mean (statistic hide
the reality: truth lies)
(The average number of hours that a person watches TV per week is 12 hours)
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- Flawed Proofs (accepted in

a short period of time)
- Defective Arguments
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Defective Arguments
All dogs are mammals.
All cats are mammals.
Therefore, all dogs are cats.