Documente Academic
Documente Profesional
Documente Cultură
Group Member:
1. Sim Chuan Chai
2. Lee Chee Kiat
3. Pang Hock Chew
4. Lau Chee Kiong
History and Background
Petronas Twin Towers
452m
Location: Kuala Lumpur
Height: 452 m
Contractor:
Hazama Corporation (Tower 1)
Samsung Engineering and Construction (Tower
2)
Height: 509.2 m
Contractor:
by KTRT Joint Venture and Samsung
Engineering & Construction
Structural Engineer:
Thornton Tomasetti Inc. and Evergreen
Consulting Engineering Inc
Reason:
the irregularities of the
‘Kenny Hill’ limestone
bedrock.
Each Tower weight 300,000
metric tons
Exerts 1140 kilopascals of
pressure
>twice the weight bearing
capacity of Kenny Hill Soil
Towers will slope steeply
over time
Solution:
Shift to new location 60m southeast from the
original
Why?
The bedrock significantly deeper and regular.
More suitable to build the foundation
Foundation system
-10
CL : SPT-N < 8 -10
………… ……
Elevation (m)
Elevation (m)
-20 -20
…………………………………………
…………………………………………
………………………………………….
……………………………
-30
CV1 : Clay & silty sand, N > 8 -30
…………………………
...
-40
-50
...
.. CV2 : Sandy gravel with rock fragments, N > 30 SS4
-40
-50
SS/SH4
-60
Bedrock : Sandstone & Siltstone with Sandstone/Shale, N > 50~100
SS3
-60
Solutions:
700 hundred thousand tons of soil =the mass of the
mega structure was removed
No effect on the bedrock
Foundation Sytem of Taipei
101
Influences by Chinese
culture
Using Number 8 as the
Lucky Number
8 pagoda shaped blocks
8 super-columns,
16 columns comprising
the core
the 8m length of the
Chinese Ru-yi symbol
Shape of hollow bamboo
Symbolism of modesty and
humbleness.
growing of the Taiwan
economy
Ru-Yi
traditional lantern-like
4 sides at the top of each of
the 8 segment
symbolism fulfillment
First tower build :-
practice of Feng-Shui.
Problem:
make a lot of space wasting
Solution:
placing eight semicircles in the
angle of the corner to expand the
space.
Structural System
Structural System of Taipei 101
Each face 2 steel
box mega columns
Squared
shaped core
Each face 2
steel box corner
columns
Up to floors 26
No more sub steel
box columns
mega steel box
column continues
upward
Above floors 26
floor is connected by 8 steel box
mega column with dimension of 2 x
2,4m to squared shaped core
12 smaller perimeter
columns and ring beams
around each ‘bustle’
columns are about 2.4 meter in
diameter at the base
Similarities
high strength concrete is used as
a construction material
Reason:
easily available from local
market
Important Feature
Skybridge of Petronas Twin Towers
Function:
facility component to
circulate movement between
the two towers
Original design:
suspense the skybridge by the
spider-like steel cables
Problem:
cannot efficiently to
accommodate the differing
movements caused by wind
factor from each tower
Solution:
inverted
inverted V-shaped
V-shaped two-hinged
two-hinged arch
arch to
to
supports
supports the
the bridge
bridge in
in center
center
support a pair of parallel two-
span continuous bridge girders
at level 41
rotational pin directly over the
arch crown.
Rotational pins
(spherical
bearing) at the
each end of the two-hinged arch
struts. springs spring from
level 29 at 63°
Functions of Arch
as a centering device to equilibrium the movement of both towers.
Steel Cradle
grips by eight
primary
hydraulic pistons
Hydraulic pistons
two meter long
Bumper system
locked the huge mass block in
position especially during
earthquakes
Sphere mass block
acts as a pendulum that equivalent to 0.26 of
building weight.
Wind
How it works?
Damp motio Hyd
Spher
er Buildi n of uli
e
Build (spher ng’s buildi pisto
swing
e vibrat ng is diss
ing is in
mass ion is conve ate
sway oppos
block count rted the
ing ite
) is erbala into hea
direct
activa nce heat ene
ion
ted energ y
y
Able to reduce the
tower’s peak
vibrations > 1/3
Conclusion
design and architecture are mainly originated from
their local country culture