The Communication Process

POINTS FOR DISCUSSION

 Definitionof Communication
 Key Elements of communication
 The communication cycle
 Importance of communication
 Types of communication
 Communication barriers
Aj F. Batulan 2020
 Introduction to
COMMUNICATION

Aj F. Batulan 2019
 Communication

- Latin “communicare” – to
impart, to share, participate.
- dynamic process
- Process of exchange of ideas,
facts
- Basic social process (social
cement)
Communications Cycle

Verbal
Verbal Non-
(Oral)
(Written) Verbal

Information
Encoding Decoding
Medium /
Sender Channel
Receiver
Message Message

Feedback
Positive Negative Motivation
Communications Cycle

Verbal
Verbal Non-
(Oral)
(Written) Verbal

Information

Encoding Decoding
Medium / COMMUNICATOR
COMMUNICATOR Channel (Sender/receiver)
(Sender/receiver)
Message Message

Feedback
Positive Negative Motivation
Communicating Meaning

NonVerbal vs. Verbal

Communicating Meaning
2. Non Verbal
Communicating Meaning
2. Non Verbal
Communicating Meaning
2. Non Verbal
Communicating Meaning
2. Non Verbal
Communicating Meaning
2. Non Verbal
Communicating Meaning
2. Non Verbal
Communicating Meaning
2. Non Verbal
Communicating Meaning
2. Non Verbal
Communicating Meaning
2. Non Verbal
Communicating Meaning
2. Non Verbal
 Communicating Meaning

 Physiology and Appearance: 55 percent

 Paralanguage: 38 percent
 Language:
7 percent
 The Communication
Process
Message

Decision- Decision-
Filters Making Filters Making
Sensory Data

Sensory Data
• Cultural Cultural
• Linguistic Linguistic
• Biases Biases
• Assumptions Assumptions

Encoding Encoding

Sender Channel Receiver

FILTERS (Communication Barriers)
FILTER #1

1. Cultural
barrier
FILTERS (Communication Barriers)

*attitudes and
beliefs that
come from our
personal
environment &
experience.
FILTERS (Communication Barriers)
FILTERS (Communication Barriers)
Eg. PEPSI advertisement

Pepsi brings you

back to life

“Pepsi brings you ancestors back to the

grave”- Chinese
FILTERS (Communication Barriers)
What to do:
- Consider the cultural makeup of
the intended audience.
- Seek to understand where are the
differences
- Fashion the message to ensure that
it says what you mean
FILTER # 2- Language
2. Linguistic Barrier

What to do:
- Minimize the use of slang and
idiom
- Keep the language simple
- Keep it clear
2. Linguistic Barrier

Group TASK:
 FILTERS (Communication Barriers)
2. Linguistic Barrier

Group TASK:

1. A 3 year-old child
2. A 60 year-old woman
3. A millennial
4. An old-fashioned nun
5. A non-English speaking
student
FILTER # 3- Physical Barrier
FILTER # 4- Perceptual
FILTER # 5- Emotional
FILTER # 5 - Emotional
FILTER # 6- Gender
FILTER # 6- Gender
FILTER # 6- Gender
FILTER # 7- Assumptions

-“When you
assume,
You make an
ASS
out of U and
ME ”
(Oscar Wilde)
FILTER # 7- Assumptions
FILTER # 7- Assumptions

What to do:
- Be open (to validate
assumptions)
-Encourage open
conversation
FILTER # 8- Biases

Biases- shaped by
own experiences
- tendency to
speak only with
people who are
likely to agree
with us.
FILTERS (Communication Barriers)

What to do:

- Acknowledge own biases first

- Listen
- Look through the lens of others
- Fashion message to include
something that everybody can relate
to.
ACTIVITY

1. Enumerate communication
problems in the video
(briefly describe the
situation)
2. Classify what type of FILTERS
they are
3. Offer solutions to the specific
filters
Types of Communication
1. Intrapersonal Communication
-language use or thought internal to
the communicator.
Types of Communication

2. Interpersonal Communication

Dyadic interaction
is used in
this type of
communication
Types of Communication

3. Group Communication
Types of Communication

4. Organizational Communication
-It is a subfield of
the larger discipline
of communication
studies.
Types of Communication

5. Cross-Cultural Communication
- (also known as intercultural
communication)
- looks at how people from differing
cultural backgrounds
communicate, in similar and
different ways among themselves,
and how they endeavor to
communicate across cultures.
 Why Study
Communication?
The Only Completely Portable
Skill
 You will use it in every relationship
 You will need it regardless of your career path

The “Information Age”

 Language and written documents
facilitate the transfer of information and
knowledge through time and space
 Why Study
Communication?

Yourquality of life depends

primarily on your
communication skills
• We want others to
change