WRITING

Prepared by:
KRISMELLEH CASSANDRA LORENZITA D. BELARO
 Choose:
“Writers are born” “Writers are made”
• Writing is a complex
process and teachers
have a vital role in helping
children, as they work
through the challenges

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 THE WRITING PROCESS
• The Pre-Writing Stage
• The Writing Stage
• The Editing and Revising Stage
• The Publishing Stage
 THE PRE-WRITING STAGE

How to generate ideas...

 THE PRE-WRITING STAGE
Determine the Writing Situation
• Know the kind of
paper
• Determine the
purpose
• Recognize the
readers
• Decide on the
topic
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THE PRE-WRITING STAGE

Use Pre-Writing Strategies

•Brainstorming
•Clustering or Mapping
•Freewriting

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•Find an inspiration

Did you know?

Robert Louis Stevenson woke up

from a terrible nightmare and
wrote down the famous horror
story Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde?

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•Use you own experiences.

Did you know?

Nicholas Sparks is a writer and a

traveler. He gets his inspiration from
the places he went to in order to write
his famous novels which are now
hitting the big screen. 9
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•www.timesaversforteachers.com
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 THE WRITING STAGE
What is a paragraph?
• It is a group of sentences that introduces,
presents and develops one main idea
about the topic.
• It can be divided into three major parts.
The Topic Sentence
The Supporting Details
The Concluding Sentence

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 The TOPIC SENTENCE
• It is normally the first sentence of the
paragraph.
• It helps the writer focus on the idea written
about.
• It helps the reader know about what the
paragraph is all about.

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PROBLEM SOLVING STRATEGIES FOR
WRITING (LINDA FLOWER)
The ability to adapt your knowledge to the needs
of the reader is often crucial to your success as a
writer. This is especially true in writing done on a
job. For example, as producer of public affairs
program for a television station, eighty percent of
your time may be taken up planning the details of
new shows, contracting guests, and scheduling the
taping sessions.

Topic Sentence: The ability to adapt your

knowledge to the needs of the reader is often
crucial to your success as a writer.
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 The SUPPORTING DETAILS
• They are sentences used to support the
main idea stated in the topic sentence.
• They give more information about the main
idea through examples.
• They say in details what the topic sentence
says in general.

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SOME EXAMPLES OF SUPPORTING
SENTENCES:

○ Sensory Details
○ Anecdotes
○ Facts and statistics
○ Examples
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FACTS AND STATISTICS

A fact based on numbers: In Adrar out of

some 4, 400 hours of annual daylight
there are 3,978 hours of direct sun, on
average.

A statement that can be proved true by

concrete information: President Marcos
declared Martial Law during his second term.

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 The CONCLUDING SENTENCE

• It is a reflection of the main idea

pronounced in the topic sentence.
• It sums up what the topic sentence and the
supporting details talk about.
• It is the closing sentence that reminds the
readers of what they have to value.

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There are three kinds of book owners. The first
has all the standard sets and best sellers – unread,
untouched (this deluded individual owns wood pulp
and ink, not books). The second has many great
books – a few of them read through, most of them
dipped into, but all of them read as clean and shiny
as the day they were bought (this person would
probably like to make books his own, but is
restrained by a false respect of their physical
appearance). The third has a few books or many –
every one of them dog eared and dilapidated,
shaken and loosened by continual use, marked and
scribbled in from front to back (this man owns his
books). In which classification would you
belong?
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Mortimer J. Adler, “Book Owners”
 "For me, a paragraph in a novel is a bit
like a line in a poem. It has its own
shape, its own music, its own integrity."

~Paul Auster
The
Elements of
a Paragraph
are….

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 Unity

• Unity is the quality of sticking to one idea

from start to finish, with every sentence
contributing to the central purpose and main
idea of that paragraph.
• In a unified paragraph, all of the supporting
sentences serve to illustrate, clarify or
explain the main idea set forth in the topic
sentence.

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 Coherence
• The sentences in a paragraph need to be
clearly connected so that readers can follow
along; recognizing how one detail leads to
the next.
• A paragraph with clearly connected
sentences is said to be coherent and
cohesive.

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 Ways of Organizing Ideas
Chronological Order Arrange events in the oder
they happen

Spatial Order Arrange detailsin order

that the eyes see them

Order of Importance Arrange ideas or details

according to how
important they are

Logical Order Arrange ideas ordetails

into related groups
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 Emphasis
• Every idea expressed is important because
each contributes to the development of the
paragraph.

• To be emphatic, the writer must consider the

most important idea.

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BA COMMUNICATION 1A

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AB JOURNALISM
1B

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 Use the Shared Writing technique
» Think of a topic sentence or a thesis statement
about Senior High School or Reading or Writing.
» Other volunteers must write supporting
sentences and afterwards a concluding sentence
to end the paragraph.
» Consider the elements of an effective paragraph.
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THE EDITING/REVISING STAGE
Did you know?
Edit. After Robert Stevenson read
through his first draft, he burned it
all and wrote the second draft.
Revise.

Rewrite.
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 The Publishing Stage
Turn in your final paper for submission.

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• Dear Diary- pretend that you are a character from the
story and write a diary entry from the character's point of
view.
• What if?- try to alter some of the events in the story like
the ending.
• Cross Characters - make one character meet another
character from a different book. (Shylock meets Othello)
• Biography - write a biography of the character that
most interests you.
• P.S. - write an epilogue of the story explaining what
happened in the end. (The lady or the tiger)