CHAPTER 4: PSYCHOLOGICAL

PERSPECTIVE OF THE SELF

WILLIAM JAMES’ CONCEPT OF SELF:
THE ME-SELF AND THE I-SELF
"For a young person, it is almost a sin, or at least a
danger, to be too preoccupied with himself, but for
the ageing person, it is a duty and necessity to
devote serious attention to himself." 
-Carl Jung
The development of self- understanding in
adolescence involves a number a theories about the
self, identity and personality.
Theories give way for the identification of which the
characteristics of the self are relevant.
The adolescence construct their own understanding
of their selves well by integrating the information
about their lives.
 WILLIAM JAMES’ CONCEPT OF SELF: THE
ME-SELF AND THE I-SELF
•  The I-Self refers to the self that knows he or
she called is which is also called thinking self.

• The Me-Self is the empirical self which refers

to the person's personal experiences and is
further divided into sub categories: The
material self, social self and spiritual self.
 WILLIAM JAMES’ CONCEPT OF SELF: THE
ME-SELF AND THE I-SELF
• MATERIAL SELF— is attributed to an individuals
physical attributes and material possessions that
contribute to one’s self image.
• SOCIAL SELF—refers to who is and how he or
she acts in social situations.
• SPIRIT SELF—refers to the most and intimate
part of self that includes the person’s purpose,
core values, conscience and moral values.
THE PSYCHOLOGICAL STAGES OF DEVELOPMENT

• INFANT,
• TODDLER,
• PRE-SCHOOLER,
• SCHOOL AGER,
• ADOLESCENT,
• YOUNG ADULT,
• MIDDLE AGE,
• ODLER ADULT
Carl Rogers’ Self Theory:
Real and Ideal Self
 Carl Rogers’ Self Theory: Real
and Ideal Self
• Self is the center of experience (Rathus,
2017)
• Self is develops by interactions,
awareness of own characteristics, and
level of functioning.
• Our self is striving for self-fulfillment or
self-actualization.
 Carl Rogers’ Self Theory: Real
and Ideal Self

• Rogers have two components of

self-concept: real self and ideal
self.
• Real self being yourself, Ideal Self
is what your ambitions and goals.
Carl Rogers’ Self Theory: Real
and Ideal Self

IDEAL SELF REAL SELF

 Carl Rogers’ Self Theory: Real
and Ideal Self

IDEAL SELF REAL SELF

MULTIPLE SELF VS
UNIFIED SELF
 MULTIPLE SELF VS UNIFIED
SELF

• Multiple Self is the output of your

construction of yourself from
society.
• Unified self is your consistency of
what you wanted to be.
TRUE SELF VS. FALSE
SELF
 TRUE SELF VS. FALSE SELF

• True Self refers to a real

behaviour or mindset of a
person
• False Self refers to an vice
versa behaviour of a true self.
 The 4 Major Jungian Archetypes

• Carl Jung - Swiss

psychiatrist
• Archetypes -people,
behaviors, or personalities.
 3 COMPONENTS

• the ego: conscious mind

• the personal unconscious:
memories
• the collective unconscious:
knowledge and experiences.
The Persona
• *The persona represents all of the
different social masks that we
wear among various groups and
situations.
• The Shadow
• *composed of repressed
ideas, weaknesses, desires,
instincts, and
shortcomings.
• The Anima or Animus
*Anima- feminine image in the
male psyche **Animus- male
image in the female psyche
*"True self"
• The Self
*The self is an archetype that
represents the unified
unconsciousness and
consciousness of an individual.
SIGMUN FREUD'S THREE
STRUCTURE OF MIND
SIGMUN FREUD'S THREE
STRUCTURE OF MIND
SIGMUN FREUD'S THREE
STRUCTURE OF MIND
SIGMUN FREUD'S THREE
STRUCTURE OF MIND