HC120111017 OSPF Special Areas

OSPF Special Areas
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LTD.
Foreword
This section focuses on OSPF special areas, including stub

areas, totally stub areas and Not-So-Stubby areas (NSSA).
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Objectives
Upon completion of this section, you will be able to :
 Understand the concept and configuration for stub areas
 Understand the concept and configuration for totally stub areas
 Understand the concept and configuration for an NSSA
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Stub Areas
Stub Area Flood AS-external-LSA
Area 0
Flood AS-external-LSA
Area 1
RTB
Area 2
Connected to another
RTA
AS by BGP
A default route is flooded by Network-
Summary-LSA, AS-external-LSA is not flooded
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Network-Summary-LSA in a Stub Area
Area 1 Area 0
RTA RTB RTC RTD
10.1.1.0/30 10.2.1.0/30 10.3.1.0/30
.1 .2 .1 .2 .1 .2
Stub
Area Loopback0
10.4.1.1/24
The static route destined for

10.4.1.0/24 is configured on RTC
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Network-Summary-LSA in a Stub Area
[RTA]display ospf lsdb
OSPF Process 1 with Router ID 1.1.1.1

Link State Database
Area: 0.0.0.1
Type LinkState ID AdvRouter Age Len Sequence Metric
Router 2.2.2.2 2.2.2.2 165 36 80000004 1
Router 1.1.1.1 1.1.1.1 165 36 80000003 1
Network 10.1.1.2 2.2.2.2 166 32 80000001 0
Sum-Net 0.0.0.0 2.2.2.2 228 28 80000001 1
Sum-Net 10.2.1.0 2.2.2.2 228 28 80000001 1
RTB only advertises a default Inter-area routing information is

route instead of AS-external-LSA still advertised into the stub area
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Totally Stub Area
[RTA]display ospf lsdb

Link State Database
Area: 0.0.0.1
Router 2.2.2.2 2.2.2.2 10 36 80000008 1
Router 1.1.1.1 1.1.1.1 10 36 80000008 1
Network 10.1.1.1 1.1.1.1 14 32 80000001 0
Sum-Net 0.0.0.0 2.2.2.2 550 28 80000001 1
Only one default route is advertised

Neither inter-area routing information nor
AS-external-LSA is advertised
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Not-So-Stubby Area (NSSA)
Transform type 7 LSA Configure the static route

into type 5 LSA
destined for 10.4.1.0/24
Area 1
Area 0
NSSA
RTA RTC RTD
10.1.1.0/24 10.2.1.0/24 10.3.1.0/24
.1 .2 .1 .2 .1 .2
RTB
Loopback0
10.4.1.1/24
Flood type 5 LSA Flood type 7 LSA
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reserved
NSSA-LSA
[RTC]display ospf lsdb nssa

Area: 0.0.0.1
Link State Database
Type : NSSA
Ls id : 10.4.1.0
Adv rtr : 3.3.3.3
Ls age : 48 LSA header ， LS ID is
Len : 36 destination network address
Options : NP
seq# : 8000000d
chksum : 0xeea6
Net mask : 255.255.255.0
TOS 0 Metric: 1
E type : 2
Forwarding Address : 3.3.3.3
Forwarding Address is the IP
Tag : 1 address of the stub interface
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Transforming NSSA-LSA to AS-External-LSA
[RTB]display ospf lsdb ase self-originate

Link State Database
Type : External
Ls id : 10.4.1.0
Modify Advertising Router
Adv rtr : 2.2.2.2
Ls age : 580 as the Router ID of itself
Len : 36
Options : E
seq# : 8000000b
chksum : 0x871c
Net mask : 255.255.255.0
TOS 0 Metric: 1
E type : 2
Forwarding Address : 3.3.3.3 Copy the Forwarding Address of
Tag : 1
the original NSSA-LSA
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Using NSSA-LSA to Advertise Default Route
[RTB]display ospf lsdb nssa self-originate

Area: 0.0.0.0
Link State Database
Area: 0.0.0.1
Link State Database
Type : NSSA
Ls id : 0.0.0.0
Adv rtr : 2.2.2.2
Ls age : 1231
Len : 36
Options : None
seq# : 80000001
chksum : 0x6654
Net mask : 0.0.0.0
TOS 0 Metric: 1
E type : 2
Forwarding Address : 2.2.2.2
Tag : 1
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Configuring a Stub Area － Topology
Loopback0 Lo Lo
2. opb 3. opb
1.1.1.1/32 2.
2. ack
3.
3. ack b a ck1
2/ 0 3/ 0 p
32 32 Loo /32
. 1 .1
E0 E0 S1 S1 30.1
10.1.1.1/30 .2 10.2.1.1/30 .2 Loo
pba
30. ck2
RTA RTB RTC 1.1
.2/3
2
Stub Area Area 0
Area 1
ASBR
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Configuring a Stub Area － Configuration of RTA and
RTB
[RTA]router id 1.1.1.1
[RTA]ospf
[RTA-ospf-1]area 1
[RTA-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]network 1.1.1.1 0.0.0.0
[RTA-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]stub
[RTA-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]return
<RTA>
Specify area 1 as the stub
area
[RTB]router id 2.2.2.2
[RTB]ospf
[RTB-ospf-1]area 1
[RTB-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]network 2.2.2.2 0.0.0.0
[RTB-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]stub
[RTB-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]quit
[RTB-ospf-1]area 0
[RTB-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]return
<RTB>
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Configuring a Stub Area － Configuration of RTC
[RTC]router id 3.3.3.3
[RTC]ospf
[RTC-ospf-1]area 0
[RTC-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 3.3.3.3 0.0.0.0
[RTC-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]
[RTC-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]quit
[RTC-ospf-1]
[RTC-ospf-1]import-route direct Import direct route
[RTC-ospf-1]quit
[RTC]
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Configuring a Stub Area － Checking RTA’s Routing
Table
[RTA]display ip routing-table
Routing Tables: Public
Destinations : 12 Routes : 12
Destination/Mask Proto Pre Cost NextHop Interface
0.0.0.0/0 OSPF 10 2 10.1.1.2 Ethernet0

1.1.1.1/32 Direct 0 0 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0
10.1.1.0/30 Direct 0 0 10.1.1.1 Ethernet0
10.2.1.0/30 OSPF 10 1563 10.1.1.2 Ethernet0
10.5.1.0/30 Direct 0 0 10.5.1.1 Serial1
10.5.1.2/32 Direct 0 0 10.5.1.2 Serial1
Only one default route instead of detailed

external routes is included in routing table
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Configuring a Totally Stub Area
[RTB]ospf
[RTB-ospf-1]area 1
[RTB-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]stub no-summary
[RTB-ospf-1]quit
No-summary indicates no advertising
[RTB] Summary-LSAs ( type 3 and type 4 )
into the stub area
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Configuring a Totally Stub Area － Checking
RTA’s Routing Table
[RTA]display ip routing-table
0.0.0.0/0 OSPF 10 2 10.1.1.2 Ethernet0

10.1.1.0/30 Direct 0 0 10.1.1.1 Ethernet0
10.5.1.0/30 Direct 0 0 10.5.1.1 Serial1
10.5.1.2/32 Direct 0 0 10.5.1.2 Serial1
Only one default route instead of detailed external

routes or internal routes is included in routing table
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Configuring an NSSA － Topology
RTB RTC
Area 0
Loopback0 S1 S1 Loopback0
2.2.2.2/32 .1 10.2.1.0/30 .2 3.3.3.3/32
.1 10.3.1.0/30 .2
.1 10.1.1.0/30 .2
S0
E0
Area 1 Area 2
NSSA Area
S0
E0
Loopback0 Loopback0
RTA RTD
1.1.1.1/32 4.4.4.4/32
Loopback1 Loopback1
20.1.1.1/32 30.1.1.1/32
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Configuring an NSSA － Configuration of
RTA and RTB
[RTA]router id 1.1.1.1
[RTA]ospf
[RTA-ospf-1]area 1
[RTA-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]quit
[RTA-ospf-1]import-route direct
[RTA-ospf-1]quit Import the route destined for
[RTA] 20.1.1.1/32 as an external route
[RTB]router id 2.2.2.2
[RTB]ospf
[RTB-ospf-1]area 1
[RTB-ospf-1]area 0
[RTB-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]return
<RTB>
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Configuring an NSSA － Configuration of
RTC
[RTC]router id 3.3.3.3
[RTC]ospf
[RTC-ospf-1]area 0
[RTC-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]quit
[RTC-ospf-1]area 2
[RTC-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]nssa default-route-advertise no-summary
[RTC-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]return
<RTC>
[RTD]router id 4.4.4.4
[RTD]ospf
[RTD-ospf-1]area 2
[RTD-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]network 4.4.4.4 0.0.0.0
[RTD-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]network 10.3.1.0 0.0.0.255
[RTD-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]nssa
[RTD-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]quit
[RTD-ospf-1]import-route direct
[RTD-ospf-1]quit
[RTD]
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Checking RTD’s LSDB
[RTD]display ospf lsdb

Link State Database
Area: 0.0.0.2
Router 4.4.4.4 4.4.4.4 1075 48 80000006 1
Router 3.3.3.3 3.3.3.3 1072 48 80000004 1
Sum-Net 0.0.0.0 3.3.3.3 1081 28 80000001 1
NSSA 10.3.1.1 4.4.4.4 172 36 80000002 1
NSSA 10.3.1.0 4.4.4.4 172 36 80000002 1
NSSA 30.1.1.1 4.4.4.4 176 36 80000002 1
NSSA 4.4.4.4 4.4.4.4 176 36 80000002 1
NSSA 0.0.0.0 3.3.3.3 1878 36 80000001 1
Due to using default-route-advertise and no-summary

parameter at the same time, the ABR for the NSSA advertises
a type 7 default route and a type 3 default route separately.
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Checking RTD’s Routing Table
[RTD]display ip routing-table
0.0.0.0/0 OSPF 10 2 10.3.1.1 Serial0

10.3.1.0/30 Direct 0 0 10.3.1.2 Serial0
10.3.1.1/32 Direct 0 0 10.3.1.1 Serial0
Only one default route ， no AS external route is learned from OSPF
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Checking RTC’s Routing Table
[RTC]display ip routing-table
1.1.1.1/32 O_ASE 150 1 10.2.1.1 Serial1
4.4.4.4/32 O_NSSA 150 1 10.3.1.2 Serial0
10.1.1.0/30 OSPF 10 65531 10.2.1.1 Serial1
10.2.1.0/30 Direct 0 0 10.2.1.2 Serial1
10.2.1.1/32 Direct 0 0 10.2.1.1 Serial1
10.3.1.0/30 Direct 0 0 10.3.1.1 Serial0
10.3.1.2/32 Direct 0 0 10.3.1.2 Serial0
10.4.1.0/24 Static 60 0 10.3.1.2 Serial0
20.1.1.1/32 O_ASE 150 1 10.2.1.1 Serial1
30.1.1.1/32 O_NSSA 150 1 10.3.1.2 Serial0
RTC learned the AS external route
destined for 30.1.1.1/32 by NSSA-LSA
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Checking RTB’s Routing Table
[RTB]display ip routing-table
1.1.1.1/32 O_ASE 150 1 10.1.1.1 Ethernet0
4.4.4.4/32 O_ASE 150 1 10.2.1.2 Serial1
10.1.1.0/30 Direct 0 0 10.1.1.2 Ethernet0
10.2.1.0/30 Direct 0 0 10.2.1.1 Serial1
10.2.1.2/32 Direct 0 0 10.2.1.2 Serial1
10.3.1.0/30 OSPF 10 1563 10.2.1.2 Serial1
10.3.1.1/32 O_ASE 150 1 10.2.1.2 Serial1
20.1.1.1/32 O_ASE 150 1 10.1.1.1 Ethernet0
30.1.1.1/32 O_ASE 150 1 10.2.1.2 Serial1
All AS external routes are learned by AS-external-LSA
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reserved
Summary
 What is the difference between a stub
area and a totally stub Area ？
 What is the difference between a stub
area and a Not-So-Stubby area ？
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reserved
Thank You
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HC120111017 OSPF Special Areas

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HC120111017 OSPF Special Areas

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OSPF Special Areas

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO.,

This section focuses on OSPF special areas, including stub

Upon completion of this section, you will be able to :

 Understand the concept and configuration for stub areas

 Understand the concept and configuration for totally stub areas

 Understand the concept and configuration for an NSSA

Stub Area Flood AS-external-LSA

The static route destined for

[RTA]display ospf lsdb

OSPF Process 1 with Router ID 1.1.1.1

RTB only advertises a default Inter-area routing information is

[RTA]display ospf lsdb

OSPF Process 1 with Router ID 1.1.1.1

Only one default route is advertised

Transform type 7 LSA Configure the static route

Flood type 5 LSA Flood type 7 LSA

OSPF Process 1 with Router ID 3.3.3.3

OSPF Process 1 with Router ID 2.2.2.2

OSPF Process 1 with Router ID 2.2.2.2

Destination/Mask Proto Pre Cost NextHop Interface

0.0.0.0/0 OSPF 10 2 10.1.1.2 Ethernet0

Only one default route instead of detailed

Destination/Mask Proto Pre Cost NextHop Interface

0.0.0.0/0 OSPF 10 2 10.1.1.2 Ethernet0

Only one default route instead of detailed external

OSPF Process 1 with Router ID 4.4.4.4

Due to using default-route-advertise and no-summary

Destination/Mask Proto Pre Cost NextHop Interface

0.0.0.0/0 OSPF 10 2 10.3.1.1 Serial0

Only one default route ， no AS external route is learned from OSPF

All AS external routes are learned by AS-external-LSA

 What is the difference between a stub

area and a totally stub Area ？

 What is the difference between a stub

area and a Not-So-Stubby area ？

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