COVID-19 PREPAREDNESS

Dr T.KANONGARA
 EPIDEMIOLOGY

• Transmitted from one individual to another.

• Human-to-human transmission through
• Droplets
• personal contact
• contaminated objects (fomites)
• The precise zoonotic (animal) origin of virus is still uncertain.
• Identified in environmental samples from a live animal market in Wuhan
• Other zoonotic strains can be transmitted from animals (civet cats and
dromedary camels, respectively) to humans.
PROGRESSION (03/02/20)
PROGRESSION (01/02/20)
 PRESENTATION

• Respiratory symptoms
• Fever >/= 38 Deg
• Runny nose
• Cough Risk factors:
• Shortness of breath • Recent travel from or residence in an area
• Sore throat with ongoing spread of COVID-19.
• Close contact with someone who has
• Fatigue COVID-19 e.g. a family member or health
• In more severe cases care worker taking care of an infected
person.
• Pneumonia with chest pains
• kidney failure
• DEATH 
 PRESENTATION

SUSCEPTIBLE:
• Elderly > 60 years
• Cardiovascular disease
• Diabetics
• Chronic respiratory disease e.g. asthma
• Severe hypertensives
• Cancer
PRESENTATION
CASE FATALITY
CONFIRMED CASES & FATALITY
 CONFIRMED CASES - AFRICA

• South Africa
• Nigeria
• Algeria
• Egypt
• Tunisia
• Senegal
• Morocco
 PREVENTION

• Avoiding nonessential travel. 

• Avoid contact with sick people, keep a distance > 1 metre
• Avoid touching your eyes, nose, or mouth with unwashed hands.
• Clean your hands • after using the bathroom
• before eating
• soap and water for at least 20 seconds • after coughing
• if hands are visibly dirty. • sneezing 
• alcohol-based hand sanitizer that • blowing your nose
• at least least 60%–95% alcohol.
• Supplies of hand sanitizer, tissues, and other hygiene products may be
limited, so consider bringing them with you.
 PREVENTION

• Avoid traveling if you are sick.

• If you spent time in countries with confirmed cases during the past 14
days:
• Stay home for 14 days from the time you left.
• practice social distancing.
• If you get sick with any of the symptoms stated earlier, seek medical
care.
• CDC doesn't recommend that healthy people wear a facemask to
protect themselves from respiratory illnesses, including COVID-19
COUGH ETIQUETTE
 TREATMENT

• No definitive treatment
• Management is supportive
• Fluids - hydration
• Vitamin C
• Fever medication
• Adequate ventilation
• No vaccine
 WORKPLACE MEASURES

• Reduce or avoid unnecessary meetings

• Possibly use teleconferencing
• Reduce number of participants
• One metre apart setup
• Avoid sending the vulnerable e.g. elderly & diabetics
• Improve ventilation & hygiene
• Doors & windows open
• Surfaces & objects to be wiped with disinfectant regularly
• Identify a temporary isolation room
• for someone who is feeling unwell or has symptoms
• have an evacuation plan
 WAY FORWARD

• Educating clients
• Health information posters TBA
• Avoid stigmatization
• Avoiding contact
• Maintaining safe distance
• Universal hygiene
• Sanitizers on their way
• General cleanliness of work stations
• Evacuation of suspected case
• Do not panic (PERSONAL SAFETY IS PRIORITY)
• SOPs TBA soon
• Temporary quarantine TBA
• Hotline Number to Wilkins TBA