Documente Academic
Documente Profesional
Documente Cultură
Lecture 24
2
A Simple Vapor Power Plant
3
The Rankine Cycle - Components
(Heat Exchanger)
(Heat Exchanger)
4
The Rankine Cycle – A Heat Engine
(Heat Source)
TH
TH
W net W cycle
TL
E
TL
(Heat Sink)
5
Component Analysis
Turbine
W t m h1 h 2
Condenser
Q out m h 2 h 3
Q out m w h 6 h5
Q out m wc p T6 T5
6
Boiler
w
Q in m h1 h 4 5
Pump
W p m h 4 h3
6
Performance Parameters
Thermal Efficiency
th
energy sought
W t W p m h1 h 2 m h 4 h3
h1 h 2 h 4 h 3
energy that costs $$
Qin
m h1 h 4 h1 h 4
Heat Rate
HR
energy input to the cycle (Btu)
Q in [Btu/hr]
h1 h 4 [Btu/hr]
net work output (kW-hr) Wt Wp kW h1 h2 h 4 h3 kW
Back Work Ratio
bwr
pump work required
W p m h 4 h 3
h 4 h3
turbine work delivered Wt m h1 h 2 h1 h 2
7
Department of Mechanical Engineering
ME 322 – Mechanical Engineering
Thermodynamics
9
The Ideal Rankine Cycle
PH
Boiler pressure
PL
Condenser pressure
10
Department of Mechanical Engineering
ME 322 – Mechanical Engineering
Thermodynamics
Example
12
Ideal Rankine Cycle with Superheat
P1 1600 psia
T1 1100F
m 1.4 106 lbm/hr
P2 1 psia
T6 80F
T5 60F
13
Ideal Rankine Cycle with Superheat
P1 1600 psia
The net power delivered from the T1 1100F
m 1.4 106 lbm/hr
cycle is,
W net W t W p P2 1 psia
T6 80F
W t m h1 h 2
14
Ideal Rankine Cycle with Superheat
P1 1600 psia
The First Law applied to the pump, T1 1100F
m 1.4 106 lbm/hr
W p m h 4 h3
P2 1 psia
T6 80F
T5 60F
15
Ideal Rankine Cycle with Superheat
P1 1600 psia
The thermal efficiency of the cycle is, T1 1100F
m 1.4 106 lbm/hr
W net
th
Qin P2 1 psia
T6 80F
T5 60F
Q in m h1 h 4
16
Ideal Rankine Cycle with Superheat
P1 1600 psia
The heat rate and back work ratio T1 1100F
m 1.4 106 lbm/hr
W net kW W t T6 80F
T5 60F
17
Ideal Rankine Cycle with Superheat
P1 1600 psia
For the system identified (red), T1 1100F
m 1.4 106 lbm/hr
2 m w h5 mh
mh 3 m w h 6 0
m h 2 h3 m w h6 h5
P2 1 psia
T6 80F
m h 2 h3 m wc p T6 T5 T5 60F
18
Ideal Rankine Cycle with Superheat
P1 1600 psia
P2 1 psia
T6 80F
T5 60F
19
Ideal Rankine Cycle with Superheat
Results: P1 1600 psia 891.2 6.7 MBtu/hr
T1 1100F th 0.429
m 1.4 106 lbm/hr 2063 M/Btuhr
= 891.2 MBtu/hr
(350,257 hp)
P2 1 psia
2063 MBtu/hr =
T6 80F
= 1178 MBtu/hr
T5 60F
2063 MBtu/hr 3412 Btu/hr
HR
891.2 6.7 MBtu/hr kW
Btu 6.7 MBtu/hr
HR 7958
kW-hr bwr 0.0075
891.2 MBtu/hr
= 6.7 MBtu/hr
20