INTRODUCTION

•A Survey Camp was conducted for a duration of six days.

•In this camp we have to give the layout of the college boundary and
some other related features.

SUBMITTED BY- SAHAJ HANS

 INSTRUMENTS USED
THEODOLITE:

WORKING OF VERNIER THEODOLITE

Working of a Vernier Theodolite starts with setting up and
adjustment of Theodolite for the measurement of angles.

TEMPORARY ADJUSTMENT OF THEODOLITE

Following are the adjustment required for theodolite before
using it:
 Setting
 Centering
 Leveling
 focusing
MEASURMENT OF VERTICAL ANGLE USING THEODOLITE

1. After temporary adjustment of theodolite, set Vernier reading of vertical

circle to O using clamp screws and it to C.
2. Centre the bubble using foot screws without any collimation error. Then
raise the telescope slowly towards point A as shown. Bisect the point A and
note down the Vernier reading angle AOC.
3. Similarly bisect the point B from C after which will give angle BOC. Now
we can compute the angle AOB.
4. Conduct the procedure in both face left and face right conditions and the
average value is considered as accurate vertical angle.
PROCEDURE FOR MEASURMENT OF HORIZONTAL ANGLE
1. The instrument is located at point B with all temporary adjustment and
ranging rods are located at points A and C.
2. Now set the vernier A reading to zero and vernier B reading to 180 by
rotating telescope. This should be done by releasing the upper clamp screw
and tightening of lower clamp screw.
3. After setting the vernier, tighten the upper clamp screw and check the
reading without any error with the help of upper tangent screw.
4. Whenever the upper clamp is tightly fixed, loosen the lower clamp screw it
will allow the telescope to turn without any change in reading. Now focus
the ranging rod at location A and bisect it.
5. After bisecting A, release the upper clamp screw and rotate the telescope in
clockwise direction towards ranging rod at C and bisect it. Now observe the
vernier reading which will be the horizontal angle between A and C or
angle ABC.
6. In the above explained cases, the vertical circle is presented left side of the
telescope, then repeat the same procedure with vertical circle right side of
telescope. The average value of angles obtained in face left and face right
conditions gives more accurate value of horizontal angle.
7. FORMULA USED:- D=C+KS
 ELECTRONIC TOTAL STATION:

Total station is a surveying equipment combination of

Electromagnetic Distance Measuring Instrument and
electronic theodolite. It is also integrated with
microprocessor, electronic data collector and storage
system. The instrument can be used to measure
horizontal and vertical angles as well as sloping
distance of object to the instrument.
DISTANCE MEASUREMENT

Electronic distance measuring (EDM) instrument is a

major part of total station. Its range varies from 2.8km
to 4.2km. The accuracy of measurement varies from
5mm to 10mm per km measurement. They are used
with automatic target recognizer. The distance
measured is always sloping distance from instrument
to the object.
ANGLE MEASURMENT

The electronic theodolite part of total station is used for

measuring vertical and horizontal angle. For
measurement of horizontal angles any convenient
direction may by taken as reference direction. For
vertical angle measurement vertical upward (zenith)
direction is taken as reference direction. The accuracy
of angle measurement varies from 2 to 6 seconds.
DISPLAY

Electronic display unit is capable of displaying various

values when respective keys are pressed. The system
capable of displaying horizontal distance, vertical
distance, horizontal and vertical angles, difference in
elevations of two observed points and all the three
coordinates of the observed points.
ADVANTAGE OF USING TOTAL STATIONS

The following are some of the major advantages of using total

station over the conventional surveying instruments:
1. Field work is carried out very fast.
2. Accuracy of measurement is high.
3. Manual errors involves in reading and recording are
eliminated.
4. Calculation of coordinates is very fast and accurate. Even
corrections for temperature and pressure are automatically
made.
5. Computers can be employed for map making and plotting
contour and cross – sections. Contour intervals and scales
can be changed in no time.
 OBSERVATION
MAKING OF BOUNDARY OF NIT SRINAGAR
INSTRUMENT STAFF STATION HORIZONTAL HORIZONTAL
STATION DISTANCE ANGLE
IS1 BM(POLE) 5.194 0D0’0”
1 13.302 324D38’28”
2 4.744 26D40’59”
IS2 20.22 200D2’19”
IS2 IS1 20.22 0D0’0”
4 26.328 88D34’48”

IS3 84.05 159D11’25”

IS3 5 108.94 122D50’39”
IS4 88.08 124D40’6”
IS4 IS5 122.65 268D58’02”
6 76.63 103D30’33”
IS5 IS6 109.84 176D38’0”
IS6 IS7 67.361 152D19’0”
IS7 IS8 195.806 200D01’5-”
IS8 7 6.338 140D45’16”
IS9 24.715 258D09’51”
IS9 8 33.623 177D28’14”
9 35.922 178D03’54”
10 46.416 180D14’35”
11 62.788 181D56’18”
12 75.427 182D51’07”
13 86.022 183D22’54”
IS10 177.765 189D14’51”
IS10 15 24.253 22D27’31”
 16 10.501 73D40’41”
17 24.025 151D57’13”
18 41.274 163D09’02”
19 48.624 165D19’20”
20 51.294 165D49’39”
21 62.503 166D37’16”
22 90.907 167D57’15”
23 122.831 168D46’55”
IS11 203.615 184D11’42”
IS11 25 52.488 65D54’53”
26 50.401 81D47’31”
27 50.1 90D49’42”
28 21.602 104D40’5”
29 11.955 123D23’36”
30 8.373 199D17’48”
 31 12.807 222D33’30”
32 17.603 233D59’28”
33 22.644 204D42’0”
34 30.145 245D53’54”
35 67.421 254D13’54”
36 89.411 256D14’14”
IS12 105.597 274D19’37”
IS12 IS13 59.929 98D58’59”
37 51.643 111D55’27”
IS13 IS14 52.968 113D9’9”
IS14 38 30.599 139D36’39”
39 30.75 151D0’0”
40 30.144 161D59’53”
41 27.438 179D31’23”
42 33.162 224D40’52”
 IS15 40.543 282D58’42”
IS15 43 20.883 73D47’30”
44 28.001 79D49’53”
45 26.489 99D58’54”
46 24.114 120D51’02”
47 29.063 197D32’45”
48 68.402 220D37’34”
49 78.449 221D04’45”
IS16 107.123 224D05’13”
IS16 50 27.182 8D59’14”
51 4.858 80D23’49”
IS17 33.7- 1D23’57”
IS17 IS18 27.952 40D32’33”
IS18 IS19 19.126 125D39’24”
IS19 52 19.693 74D09’48”
 53 56.596 95D58’44”
IS20 64.987 102D18’23”
IS20 54 10.942 47D32’05”
55 8.449 53D24’34”
56 17.607 157D58’33”
57 28.475 229D04’56”
IS21 33.526 223D54’31”
IS21 58 32.316 112D24’26”
IS22 34.39 256D25’8”
IS22 IS23 33.211 204D40’40”
IS23 IS25 12.414 205D43’24”
IS25 59 59.909 88D3’12”
60 60.221 93D34’57”
IS26 45.728 91D17’14”
IS26 61 18.644 216D41’39”
 IS27 50.651 250D18’14”
IS27 62 31.111 22D28’43”
63 34.277 81D14’24”
64 48.363 132D35’29”
IS28 81.893 165D28’20”
IS28 65 16.616 41D23’13”
IS29 27.027 133D11’53”
IS29 66 36.998 40D48’23”
67 40.319 117D22’05”
68 42.316 172D42’38”
69 41.147 179D18’57”
70 34.234 211D18’35”
71 58.769 226D20’53”
IS30 88.790 232D59’33”
IS30 72 11.222 73D55’06”
 73 24.302 162D20’02”
74 70.694 170D49’14”
IS31 97.866 183D32’36”
IS31 75 26.594 38D58’34”
76 23.314 49D52’54”
77 24.572 75D52’15”
78 25.513 79D19’02”
79 35.275 92D14’29”
80 34.245 98D57’15”
81 49.762 104D43’28”
RESULT
 SUGGESTIONS
Drainage problem
Parking lots