Welcome you all

August 10, 2009

Presented by –
Devendra Singh Ruprai
Deputy executive Engineer
400KV GCR KORADI
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 220kV and 400kV
Current Transformer
1. Construction
2. Different Parts
3. Primary & Secondary
Connections
4. Maintenance
5. Diagnostic Testing
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Main Parts of Current T/F -
1. Top Tank
2. Primary Terminals ( P1, P2)
3. Insulator Column
4. Bottom Tank
5. Secondary Terminal Box
6. T/F Oil
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Name Plate details of CT

A. Rated Voltage – 245kV, 420kV

B. Current Ratio – Primary To
Secondary
C. 500/1A-only one current ratio
D. 1200-600-300/1-1-1A
E. 2400-1200-600/1-1-1-1-1A
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Top Tank -
A.Primary Terminals ( P1, P2) –
- HV conductor connected.
B. Oil level gauge Glass
C.Oil filled upto 60% of Top glass

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Top Tank -
D. Hermetically Sealed( No Nitrogen gas)
E. If not hermetically sealed – Nitrogen gas filled
in empty part above oil level.
F. Valve at top to top up Nitrogen gas.

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Primary Terminals -

A. Primary Terminals ( P1, P2) .

B. Copper alloy with Silver coating
C. Conductor connected with Al. or copper clamp

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Vertical Porcelain Insulator

A. Special shape given

B. Creepage Distance.

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Bottom Tank -

A. Primary current carrying

conductor.
B. Special shape to Primary
conductor
C. Completely filled with T/F oil.

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Bottom Tank

A. Ring Type Secondary CTs.

B. Secondary CT – 1, 2, 3,4, 5 CTs
C. Single core, two/three/five core CT.

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Secondary CTs – required why?
A. Measurement of Primary Current
B. Protection system
C. Secondary – 1A/5A .
D. Ammeter/Watt meter/relay current
coils – connected to Secondary

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Secondary CTs – For Protection
I. Core I - Metering or measurement
II. Core II – O/C, E/F, Back Up
Protection
III. Core III - Main Protection –
Differential Protection for T/F,
Distance Protection for lines
IV. Core IV & V – Bus Bar protection

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Secondary CT connections -
A. Secondary Terminal Box
B. Studs / Terminals
C. Wires from Relay Panels, Ammeter.

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Secondary – Open circuiting
A. Secondary should never be left open
B. Normally Secondary is almost short circuited
through Ammeter/watt meter/relay coil
C. Under normal condition- both Pri. and Sec.
windings produce mmf which act against each
other.
D. Sec. mmf is slightly < Pri. mmf so resultant mm
is small.
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Secondary Open circuited -
E. Resultant mmf being magnetising mmf
required for maintenance of flux in core
& to supply iron
F. Resultant mmf is responsible for
production of flux in the core .
G. As resultant mmf is small – flux density
is small in normal condition.
H. So a small voltage is induced in
Secondarry of CT
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Secondary Open circuited -
I. If Sec. Is Open circuited when Pri. Is
carrying current.
J. Pri. mmf remains same while Sec. mmf
reduces to Zero.
K. So resultant mmf = Pri. mmf which is
very large.
L. This large mmf produces large flux in
Sec. core till it saturates.

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M. This large flux linking the Sec. winding turns
would induce a high voltage in Sec. winding
N. High voltage is dangerous to –
- insulation & nearby person
O. Eddy current & hysteresis losses – very high –
CT would be overheated & completely
damaged.
P. Core may become permanently magnetized –
resulting in high ratio & phase angle error.

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Transformer Oil -

A. EHV grade oil.

B. Fresh, Filtered.

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Maintenance -

A. Quarterly.
B. Annual.

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 Quarterly Maintenance

A. Tightening of Primary terminal connections.

B. No loose nut/bolts
C. Loose nut/bolts – results into – Hot Spots.
D. No oil leakage
E. Tightening of Secondary Connections
F. Saturation of CT.
G. Clean surface of porcelain insulator.

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Annual Maintenance/Diagnostic
Testing
A. Insulation Resistance Measurement.
A.1 5kV Megger .
A.2 Apply between Pri. To earth .
A.3 Apply for 60 Seconds.
A.4 Mega Ω or Gega Ω or >

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IR value unsatisfactory-how to
improve?
B.1 Clean insulator surface with
CTC
B.2 Use cotton cloth to clean
B.3 Remove all dirt/dust from
surface

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Annual Maintenance/Diagnostic
Testing
B. Tan Delta Measurement
B.1 Tan Delta Point – Just below
bottom most collar of insulator &
on top side of bottom tank.
B.2 Apply A.C. Voltage 2kV to 10kV
B.3 In steps of 1kV

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Annual Maint./Diagnostic
Testing -

B.4 Apply between Primary

terminal(P1 or P2) and tan Delta
point.
B.5 Record Tan Delta value
B.6 Record Capacitance value

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Tan Delta value-

A. Condition of insulation inside CT

B. Compare with factory test report
or with last result
# If Tan Delta value crosses critical
value – CT should be removed from
service

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Hot Spot -

A. Use Thermo vision camera

B. Use while CT is in service
C. Measures only hot spots -
D. If hot spots detected – suitable
action to be taken

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 Thank You !

Any questions please ?

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