Documente Academic
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Information System
Analysis and Design
(ISAD)
By
B. Msalanyama
Fundamentals of Information Systems,
Sixth Edition
Lecture Meeting and Location
FEEDBACK
CBIS
– Information system that rely on
computer hardware and software for
processing and disseminating
information
Manual systems
– Use paper + pencil technology
Redundant data
Payroll Project
system Management System
Tax Personal
Project
data data
data
Dbase Admin.
Manager
Manager Manger Manager
Voice Comm
IS dept Programming Data Comm
Fundamentals of Information Systems,
Sixth Edition
What is an Information Systems?
Interrelated components working
together to
– Collect
– Process
– Store
– Disseminate information
To support decision making,
coordination, control, analysis and
visualization in an organization
Fundamentals of Information Systems,
Sixth Edition
What is an Information System?
A SYSTEM THAT PROVIDES THE INFORMATION NEEDED TO
ACCOMPLISH THE ORGANIZATION’S TASKS
Fundamentals of
Information Systems, Sixth
Edition
What is an Information System?
(continued)
Fundamentals of
Information Systems, Sixth
Edition
Input, Processing, Output,
Feedback
Input:
– Activity of gathering and capturing raw data
Processing:
– Converting data into useful outputs
Output:
– Production of useful information, usually in
the form of documents and reports
Feedback:
– Information from the system that is used to
make changes to input or processing activities
Fundamentals of
Information Systems, Sixth
Edition
Manual and Computerized
Information Systems
An information system can be:
– Manual or computerized
Example:
– Investment analysts manually draw
charts and trend lines to assist them in
making investment decisions
Computerized information systems:
– Follow stock indexes and markets and
suggest when large blocks of stocks
should be purchased or sold
Fundamentals of
Information Systems, Sixth
Edition
Computer-Based Information
Systems
Single set of hardware, software,
databases, telecommunications, people,
and procedures:
– That are configured to collect, manipulate,
store, and process data into information
Technology infrastructure:
– Includes all hardware, software, databases,
telecommunications, people, and
procedures
• Configured to collect, manipulate, store, and
process data into information
Fundamentals of
Information Systems, Sixth
Edition
Computer-Based Information Systems
(continued)
Fundamentals of
Information Systems, Sixth
Edition
Computer-Based Information
Systems (continued)
People:
– The most important element in most
computer-based information systems
Procedures:
– Include strategies, policies, methods,
and rules for using the CBIS
Fundamentals of
Information Systems, Sixth
Edition
Business Information Systems
Most common types of information
systems:
– Those designed for electronic and
mobile commerce, transaction
processing, management information,
and decision support
Some organizations employ:
– Special-purpose systems, such as
virtual reality, that not every
organization uses
Fundamentals of
Information Systems, Sixth
Edition
Information System Types
Interpersonal skills
– Effective written and oral communication skills
– Help you work with end user as well as other
system analysts and programmers
1.58
1.58
Fundamentals of Information Systems,
Sixth Edition
The analyst is responsible
for:
– The efficient capture of data from its
business source,
– The flow of that data to the computer,
– The processing and storage of that data
by the computer, and
– The flow of useful and timely information
back to the business and its people.
Internal auditors
SDLC phases:
– 1-Project identification and selection
– 2-Project initiation and planning
– 3-Analysis
– 4-Design
• 4.1Logical design
• 4.2Physical design
– 5-Implementation
– 6-Maintenance
1.72
1.72
Fundamentals of Information Systems,
Sixth Edition
1-Project identification and
selection phase
– Functional,
– Detailed specification of all system
elements
• Input
• Output
• Process
– Output are:
• New versions of releases of software with
associated updates to documentation, training,
and support
Convert to New
Working prototype
Operational syst. requirement
If prototype
inefficient
Problems
Implement & Revise& enhance
Use prototype prototype
Next Version
Fundamentals of Information Systems,
Sixth Edition
The prototype methodology
1. The analyst work with team to identify the
initial requirement for the system:
2. The analyst then build the prototype. When
a prototype is completed, the users work
with it and then tell the analyst what they
like and do not like about it.
3. The analyst uses this feedback to improve
the prototype
4. Take the new version back the users
5. Repeat (2-4) until the users satisfied
Fundamentals of Information Systems,
Sixth Edition
Prototype advantages
1. Prototyping involves the user in analysis
and design
2. its ability to capture requirements in
concrete rather than abstract form
3. To being used stand alone
4. It is may be used to augment the SDLC