KAMALA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY & SCIENCE

Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering.

MAJORPROJECT SEMINAR
ON
ADAPTIVE NOISE CANCELLATION USING LMS ALGORITHM

Under the guidance of Dr.M.Shyam Sundar

T.Bhargavi 17285A0407
S.Jaswanth 17285A0401
B.Ganesh 16281A0433
P.Pavan 16281A0438
K.Sahitya 15281A0427
CONTENTS

 Abstract

 What is noise and noise cancellation

 Objective

 Adaptive filters

 Basic adaptive filter block diagram

 LMS Algorithm

 Applications of adaptive filters

 Advantages

 Disadvantages

 Conclusion
Abstract
• This paper presents a approach for noise reduction or cancellation of noise
through Least Mean Square Algorithm.
• Filtering method is used for this approach is adaptive filtering .When the signal
introduced by noise it get distorted and disturbed by the noise and hence
reduced audio quality .Here to overcome this problem we use this filtering
technique .This technique helps to improve audio quality and hence minimize
losses at the end .
What is Noise and Noise Cancellation?
 Noise consists of unwanted waveforms that can interfere with communication.
 Noise can be internal or external the system.
 Sound Noise: Interferes with your normal hearing
 Impulsive noise
 White noise(AWGN)

Noise Cancellation:
Noise cancellation is method to reduce or cancel out undesirable components of
the signal.
OBJECTIVE
 The main objective of this paper is to build a noise cancelling of audio signal by

adaptive filters and LMS algorithm.

 Basically noise cancellation is a technique to reduce the undesirable noise from

the original signal. An adaptive filter is use for filtration of noise from any audio
signal using feedback.
 In many applications, adaptive noise cancellation is an effective method for

recovering a signal corrupted by additional noise.

Adaptive Filters
 A filter which adapts itself to the input signal given to it.

 It is non linear and Time variant.

 Best suited when signal conditions are slowly changing.

 It has adaption algorithms for adjusting parameters for improved performance

The basic of Adaptive filter involves two process:

Filtering process: produces an output signal in response to a given signal.

Adaption process: Aims to adjust the filter parameters to the enviroment.

LMS ALGORITHM
LMS is an adaptive algorithm ,LMS algorithm uses the estimates of the
gradient vector from the available data. The LMS incorporates an iterative
procedure that makes corrections to the weight vector in the direction of the
negative of the gradient vector which eventually leads to the minimum mean
square error compared to other algorithms it does not require correlation
function calculations nor it does require matrix inversions.
BASIC ADAPTIVE FILTER

 It contains 4 signals:
a. Desired signal[d(k)]
b. Input signal[x(k)]
c. Output signal[y(k)]
d. Error signal[e(k)]
Flow chart
APPLICATIONS OF ADAPTIVE FILTERS
 NOISE CANCELLATION: Subtracts Noise from received signal adaptively to improve
SNR
 SIGNAL PREDICTION: Used to provide a prediction of the present value of a random
signal
 SYSTEM IDENTIFICATION: Design an adaptive filter that provides an approximation
for an unknown system
 ECHO CANCELLATION: Used to cancel unknown interference from a primary
signal
ADVANTAGES
 It is simple in implementation

 Stable and robust performance against different signal condition

DISADVANTAGES

 Slow convergence
CONCLUSION
This paper shows a application based on noise cancellation using adaptive
filter. The main aim of this paper is to use LMS Algorithm as a noise
cancellation algorithm. The noise free output is obtained after some LMS
iterations. therefore it gives good results in noise cancellation problem.
THANK YOU