COMMUNITY

DIAGNOSIS
PROCESS

PEMBEKALAN KEPANITERAAN KLINIK MADYA

DEPARTEMEN IKM-KP FKUB
Objectives
 Memahami konsep dan tujuan diagnosis komunitas
 Memahami proses diagnosis komunitas
 Mampu mengidentifikasi masalah
 Mampu menerapkan metode penentuan prioritas masalah
 Mampu menyusun rencana program intervensi promosi
kesehatan
 Memahami konsep evaluasi program
Community diagnosis concept

 to identify the health problem and

factors that affect the health of
population and determine the
availability resources within the
community to adequately address
these factors
Perbedaan antara Diagnosis komunitas dan Diagnosis Klinis
No Diagnosis Klinis
1 Dilakukan oleh dokter
2 Fokus perhatian : pasien
3 Fokus perhatian : hanya orang sakit
4 Dilakukan dengan memeriksa pasien
5 Diagnosis didapat berdasarkan
keluhan dan simtom
6 Memerlukan pemeriksaan
laboratorium
7 Dokter menentukan pengobatan
8 Pengobatan pasien menjadi tujuan
utama
9 Diikiuti dengan follow up kasus
10 Dokter tertarik menggunakan
teknologi tinggi
Diagnosis Komunitas
Dilakukan oleh dokter atau
epidemiologis
Fokus perhatian : komunitas /
masyarakat
Fokus perhatian : orang sakit dan sehat
Dilakukan dengan cara survey
Diagnosis didasarkan atas Riwayat
Alamiah Perjalanan Penyakit ( Natural
history of disease)
Memerlukan penelitian epidemiologi
Dokter/epidemiologis merencanakan
plan of action
Pencegahan dan Promosi menjadi
tujuan utama
Diikuti dengan program evaluasi
Dokter/epidemiologis tertarik dengan
nilai2 statistik
Community diagnosis process

Step • Establishing a
community
1 Assessment team

• Analyzing the
Step county health
data book
2 (secondary data)

• Collecting
Step community
data (primary
3 data)

Step • Combine
data
4
Community diagnosis process

Step • Choosing health

5 priorities

Step • Developing
community health
6 action plan

• Measuring
Step environmenta
l & policy
7 changes

• Creating
Step community
assessment
8 document
Step 1. The Team
Step 2, 3 and 4:
Community diagnosis
process

Establishing community
assessment team

Secondary data Primary data

Data Analysis
(combining data)
List of Problem

Health problem Health Action

priorities Plan
Analysis of risk factor and
resources
Data collection
What are our problems?
What factors contribute to these problems?
What resources are available in the community
to address these problem?

Data? Blum/Lalonde Theory

Source of Information?
Data Collection

Psychobiologic

Environment Health Status Lifestyle

Health Services
Questions to be Answered by
Community Assessment
 What are the demographic, social & economic
characteristics of the community?
 What is the health status?
 What are the levels of health risk?
 What is the utilization pattern for health services?
 What are the key environmental & occupational health
issues?
 What are the expenditures for health care services?
 What are the available community health resources?
 Is the supply of health care providers sufficient?
 Does the population have access to health care?
 Source of
Information
 Primary Data  Secondary Data
 Community  Puskesmas data
perception survey  BKKBN
 Focus Group  BPS
Discussion
 Hospital data
 Community leader
interview  Provincial data
Data Processing and Analysis

 Entry the data

 Summarize : table and graph
 Analysis:
 Compare with provincial, national or target
 Made a trend analysis if possible
 Analysis the relationship between problem identified
Analyzing Data

• Comparing with national or provincial data

• Understanding the local pattern
• Inferring the impact on community health

• List of health problems and relevant risk

factors
• List of community strengths
 Problem Identification and
Selection

• List of problems?
• Related problem or independent problem?
• What is the underlying problem?
• Can we address all the problem?
• Choosing health problem priority