D3 -3

Isu dan Konsep

Keselamatan Kerja
Izhar M. Fihir
Fakulltas Kesehatan Masyarakat
Universitas Indonesia
Konsep Keselamatan Kerja

 Isu Pokok
 Pengertian Dasar
 Konsep : Safety / Accident
 Analisis / Assessment
Pengertian Dasar

 Safety
 Danger
 Accicent
 Injury
DANGER : The condition
of being susceptible to harm
RISK ?
SAFETY
 The state of being certain that adverse
effects will not be caused by some agent
under defined conditions.
INJURY :
damage caused by the transfer of energy
to the body above or below the tolerance
of human tissue
ACCIDENTS ? :

kejadian yang tidak

direncanakan dan
tidak diduga sebelumnya
 HAZARDS

INJURY
PEKERJA EXPOSURE ? LOSS

RISK
Apakah
Konsep Dasar
Ini masih relevan
Utk SAFETY
 DANGER

PEKERJA AGENT ? ACCIDENT

CACAT

RISK
KONSEP : Danger dan Risiko
potensi yang dapat menyebabkan “sakit”
Bahaya (Hazards - Danger)

kemungkinan terpapar
Risiko (Risk)
ACCIDENT

Cacat
(kemungkinan Cacat ?)
MODEL “ACCIDENT”

Model Sequential (Teori Domino)

Model Epidemiologi
Energy Exchange Model
Model “Human Error”
Model “ Safety Culture”
Multiple Causation
Teori “Domino” (Sequential)

 Apa Komentar Anda Tentang Model ini ?

 Bagaimana Aplikasi Pencegahan

Kecelakaan Menggunakan Model ini
Model Epidemiologi
HOST

ACCIDENT

ENVT AGENT
 DANGER

KINETIK
THERMAL ACCIDENT
CACAT
PEKERJA KIMIA
RADIASI

RISK
 Injury Control
 Haddon’s Matrix

Pre-Injury Injury Post-Injury

Host
Agent
Environment
Injury Control Concepts

Scientific approach to injuries

 Injuries are preventable
 Identify and describe problem through
surveillance
 Study ‘what puts people at risk”
 Design and evaluate an intervention
HUMAN FACTORS THEORY

OVERLOAD

INAPROPRIATE INAPROPRIATE
HUMAN ERROR FACTOR RESPOSNES
ACTIVITIES

OVERLOAD
ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS
(NOISE, DISTRACTION)
INTERNAL FACTORS
(PERSONAL PROBLEM,
EMOTIONAL STRESS)
SITUATIONAL FACTORS
(UNCLEAR ISTRUCTION , RISK
LEVEL)
HUMAN FACTORS THEORY
INAPROPRIATE RESPOSNES INAPROPRIATE ACTIVITIES
PERFORMING TASKS WITHOUT
DETECTING HAZARDS BUT NOT THE REQUISITE TRAINING
CORRECTING IT
MISJUDGING THE DEGREE OF
REMOVING SAFEGURAD FROM RISK INVOLVED WITH A GIVEN
MACHINES ADND EQUIPMENT TASK
IGNORING SAFETY
SAFETY CULTURE
Konsep mana yang lebih baik untuk
aplikasi ?

Apakah mungkin menggunakan

kombinasi dari konsep-konsep diatas
?
 KONSEP DASAR APLIKASI BIDANG STUDI
KESEHATAN dan KESELAMATAN KERJA

BIDANG ILMU SISTEM KERJA

KESEHATAN
dan LINGKUNGAN
KESELAMATAN KERJA KERJA

Higiene Industri PEKERJA SISTEM KERJA

MANAJEMEN
PROGRAM YANG SEHAT DAN
RISIKO AMAN
Keselamatan Kerja
BAHAN, ALAT
Ergonomi dan
PROSEDUR
Kesehatan Kerja

Perilaku dan Sosial ORGANISASI