BY

Sanjay Awasthi
1
TURBOSUPERVISORY
SYSTEM
(TSI)
 VIBRATIONS
- RELATIVE SHAFT VIBRATION / ECCENTRICITY
- ABSOLUTE BEARING VIBRATION
 TURBINE EXPANSION
- OVERALL EXPANSION/CASING EXPANSION
- DIFFERENTIAL EXPANSION
- AXIAL SHIFT
 SPEED / OVERSPEED
 VALVE POSITION
 LOAD
 BEARING BABBIT METAL TEMPERATURES
 MS / HRH PRESSURE / TEMPERATURE
 TURBINE METAL TEMPERATURE
 HP / LP EXHAUST TEMPERATURE
 KEY PHASOR
4
 SHAFT & BEARING
VIBRATION PICK UP
PROXIMITY PROBE
VELOCITY TRANSDUCER
 SEISMIC MASS TYPE
 Works on PLUNGER COIL PRINCIPLE.
 Two permanent magnets rigidly fixed to the casing
with coils arranged as seismic mass.
 The Relative motion between the coil and magnet
generates voltage proportional to vibration velocity.
 The measurement system is designed to operate
satisfactorily over a frequency range of 4.5 Hz to 5
KHz.
 The V.High and High set points in 500 MW(BHEL) unit
are 106 microns and 84 microns respectively.
ACCELEROMETER
 Uses PIEZOELECTRIC CRYSTAL.
 The bearing vibration causes a compression or
tension force to act on crystal,which generates
electric charge.
 An integral amplifier converts the charge into voltage
which is proportional to rate of vibration.
 The V.High and High set points in 660 MW(BHEL) unit
are 11.8 mm2/sec and 9.6 mm2/sec respectively.
BEARING / SHAFT VIBRATION PICK UP
MOUNTED ON BEARING NO. 4 PEDESTAL
 RELATIVE SHAFT VIBRATION IS BASED ON EDDY CURRENT
PRINCIPLE.
 The signal from absolute bearing vibration measuring unit and
relative shaft vibration are added in computing unit to get
relative shaft vibration.
 Proximoty probe senses the distance between the probe tip
and the observed surface.
 Proximeter generates a radio frequency signal, which is
radiated through the probe tip into the observed surface. eddy
currents are generated in the surface and loss of strength in
the return signal is detected by the Proximeter.
 The measurement is done by two proximity probes in ‘X’ & ‘Y’
direction.
 The V.High and High set points in 500 MW(BHEL) unit for are
320 microns and 200 microns respectively.
 The V.High and High set points in 660 MW(BHEL) unit are 130
microns and 83 microns respectively.
RECOMMENDED LOCATIONS OF VIBRATION
MEASUREMENTS FOR PEDESTAL BEARINGS
(AS PER ISO)
 RECOMMENDED LOCATIONS OF VIBRATION
MEASUREMENTS FOR HOUSING TYPE BEARINGS
(AS PER ISO)
 Measuring
Amplifier

Proximity
Pick-up
45O 45O

L R
SHAFT

RECOMMENDED LOCATIONS OF SHAFT

VIBRATION MEASUREMENTS AS PER ISO
 CONSISTS OF SLOTTED DISC (FITTED AT THE
TURBINE SHAFT) WITH 60 RADIAL SLOTS AND
MAGNETIC PROBE (HALL PROBE) MOUNTED
FACING THE SLOTS.
 4 NO OF HALL PROBES, 3 USED, 1 SPARE
 PULSE CONVERTER WITH 3 ISOLATED
OUTPUTS (2 ARE USED)
 2 CHANNEL MEASUREMENTS
HALL PROBE IN BEARING NO. 1 PEDESTAL
 Measurement yields information on the
position of the shaft in the thrust bearing
and on wear of the bearing.
 Axial shift beyond permissible limit would
lead mechanical interference & surface
rubbing.
 Measured by eddy current principle.
 Measurement range is -1.5 to 1.5 mm.
 The set point for turbine trip is +/- 1mm.
AXIAL SHIFT MEASUREMENT AT IP COLLAR
 The difference of axial expansion between the rotor
and the casing
 Positive if shaft expands more than casing,negative
if casing expands more than shaft
 Casing expansion & rotor expansion measured
separately and diff expansion is calculated
 Rotor expansion measured at HPT front & IPT rear,
LPT rear (500 MW).
 Rotor expansion measured at HPT front & LPT rear
(660 MW).
 Measuring collar is in the form of double cone.
DIFFERENTIAL EXPANSION (FOR SMALL
EXPANSION) & AXIAL SHIFT PICK UP
IP DIFFERENTIAL EXPANSION PICK UP
MOUNTED ON BEARING NO. 3 PEDESTAL
LP DIFFERENTIAL EXPANSION PICK UP
MOUNTED ON BEARING NO. 4 PEDESTAL
 Measurement carried out at HP casing front & IP
casing on the rear side.
 Displacement sensor mounted on the pedestal cover
and connected to the casing via a rope. the other
end of the rope is connected to a rotable measuring
device.
 Rotable measuring device rotates eccentric to the
two sensor coils which create different air gaps
between the measuring device and the coils .
 Overall expansion at HPT front : 0-30 mm
 Overall expansion at IPT rear : 0-20 mm
 Not used in 660 MW unit.
OVERALL EXPANSION PICK UP
OVERALL EXPANSION MOUNTED
ON BEARING NO. 1 PEDESTAL
SHAFT POSITION MEASURING DEVICE
SHAFT POSITION MEASURING DEVICE
 The measurement is carried out for both HP &
IP control.
 Non contact displacement measuring
equipment
 Consists of a sensor with two primary &
secondary coils and a shorting ring.
 The shorting ring is attached to the valve stem
and moves over the magnetic core.
 Movement of shorting ring causes generation
of position dependent output voltage in the
secondary coils.
 For vibration analysis ,Key phasor
measures the phase angle of rotor.
 Key phasor uses a proximity probe
which senses a notch on the shaft at
once per revolution.