PERSONALITY AND

VALUES
Chapter 5
Topics to Cover
 What is personality
 Defining personality and measuring personality
 Personality Determinants
 Heredity
 The Myers-Briggs type indicator
 The Big Five personality model
 How do the big five traits predict behavior
 Other personality traits:
 Machiavelism, Risk Taking, Type A personality (Type B as well), Proactive
personality
 Values
 Definition, the importance of values
 Terminal VS Instrumental values- Rockeach value survey
 Exhibit 5-5
 Person-Job Fit, Person-Organization Fit
 Global Implications
What is Personality?
Personality Traits
 Enduring characteristics that describe an
individual’s behavior
 The more consistent the characteristic
and the more frequently it occurs in
diverse situations, the more important
the trait.
 Two dominant frameworks used to
describe personality:
 Myers-Briggs Types Indicator (MBTI)
 Big Five Model
The Myers-Briggs Type
Indicator
The Types and Their Uses
The Big Five Model of Personality
Dimensions
How Do the Big Five Traits Predict
Behavior?
Other Personality Traits Relevant to OB

 Core Self-Evaluation: effective, capable, in control

of their environment.
 Machiavellianism
 A pragmatic, emotionally distant power-player who
believes that ends justify the means
 High Machs are manipulative, win more often, and
persuade more than they are persuaded
 Flourish when:
• Have direct interaction
• Work with minimal rules and regulations
• Emotions involvement with details is irrelevant
More Relevant Personality
Traits
 Narcissism
 Self-Monitoring
 Risk Taking
 The willingness to take chances
 Risk takes make faster decision with less
information
 Assess the job and the trait:
• Willingness to take risk might be an obstacle
for an auditor but an asset to a stock trader
 Proactive Personality
Even More Relevant Personality Traits
So Far
Values
Importance of Values
 Provide understanding of the attitudes,
motivation, and behaviors
 Influence our perception of the world
around us
 Represent interpretations of “right’ and
“wrong”
 Imply that some behaviors or outcomes
are preferred over others
Classifying Values
Value Differences Between
Groups
Generational Values-Exhibit
5-5
Linking Personality and Values to the
Workplace
Relationships Among Personality Types
Linking Personality to the Workplace
Global Implications
Hofstede’s Framework: Power Distance
Hofsede’s Framework:
Individualism
Hofstede’s Framework:
Masculinity
Hofstede’s Framework: Uncertainty
Avoidance
Hofstede’s Framework: Time Orientation
Hofstede’s Cultural Values by Nation
Hofstede’s Framework: An Assessment