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in the
garden
the
garden
Tree diagram:
constituency structure
A small gnome in the garden wiped his hands.
in the
wipe -ed he hand -s
garden
‘Tree diagram’ representation of
grammatical structure
A small gnome in the garden wiped his hands.
clause
group group
A small gnome in the wiped his hands
garden
group
group
A small gnome in the
garden
wiped his hands
word word word word word
in the
wipe -ed he hand -s
word garden
group morphemes
The Rank Scale
Clauses
Words
Morphemes
Names of parts: Rank Units
in the
wipe -ed he hand -s
word garden
morphemes
group
‘Tree diagram’ representation of
grammatical structure: down to groups
A small gnome in the garden wiped his hands.
clause
the
in
garden
preposition nominal group
Rank Units: down to groups
A small gnome in the garden wiped his hands.
clause
the
in
garden
preposition nominal group
The Rank Scale
• clauses
• groups and phrases
– nominal groups
– verbal groups
– adjectival groups
– adverbial groups
are made up of
– prepositional phrases
• words
• morphemes
A map of linguistic structure
Thomas T. Tatimus has been tying his tubs tentatively to two tall trees
Ranked Constituen
(minimal bracketting)
Functional structure: clauses
consist of
prepositional phrases
Circumstances adverbial groups
function FORM
A map of linguistic structure
Thomas T. Tatimus has been tying his tubs tentatively to two tall trees
Useful as a way of
decomposing a
sentence into parts
Ranked Constituen
(minimal bracketting)
that can be quickly
related to
functional elements