BUILDING VISIT

LECTURER : DR AZLI
GROUP MEMBERS :
 MUHAMMAD ZAIFUL HAKIM BIN MOHD FADHIL
 MUHAMMAD SYAHMI BIN KAMARUDIN
 NIK AZLAN BIN R.AZMI
 MUHAMMAD SYAHMI BIN MOHD REDUAN
PLAZA ALAM SENTRAL
 Location : Plaza Alam Sentral ,
Shah Alam
 Date of visit : 10/3/1996
 Number of purpose group: V (Shop)
 Opened : 1998
 The gross floor area : 335 000 ft
 Shopping mall
 Consist of 10 floor (B4 – 5th)
INTRODUCTION

 Fire
protective system is one of the most
crucial system to be included in every
building design and construction.
 To ensure the building is equipped and
capable of controlling and extinguishing
if fire outbreak.
FIRE PROTECTIVE SYSTEM

Active Passive
 Interact
with the  Fireresistant compartment
surroundings. between two space.
 Required mechanical and  Slows the spread of fire
electrical activation to from where it originated.
trigger the system.  Do not required
mechanical or electrical
activation to trigger them.
ACTIVE FIRE PROTECTIVE SYSTEM
Water Storage Tank
Water storage tank

 Located
at basement level 4 in the fire pump
room and at the rooftop.
 Thebasement water tank supply the water to
wet riser and water sprinkler system.
 Hose reel system using water storage tank at
rooftop.
 Wet Riser System
Pump Cut in Cut out

Jocky 120 psi 180 psi

Duty 90 psi 180 psi

Standby 60 psi 180 psi

• A supply system used to distribute water to multiple levels of a

building.
• This system consists of water pump, water tank, pipe, and fire
hydrant.
• Located at the nearest the lift.
• The water tank storage located at the basement.
• Consist 3 type of pump.
• Higher pressure water is needed to transfer the water max
180psi
According to UBBL 1984 Section 231:Wet Riser

 Wet rising system shall be provided in every building in which the topmost floor is more
than 30.5 meters above fire appliance.
 A hose connection shall be provided in each fire fighting access lobby.
 Wet risers shall be minimum 152.4 millimeters diameter and shall be hydrostatically
tested at a pressure 50% above working pressure required and not less than 14 bars for
at least 24 hours.
 Each wet riser outlet shall comprise standard 63.5 millimeters instantaneous coupling
fitted with a hose of not less than 38.1 millimeters diameter equipped with an approved
typed cradle and a variable fog nozzle.
 A wet riser shall be provided in every staircase which extended from the ground floor
level to the roof and shall be equipped with a three-way 63.5 millimeters outlet above
the roof line.
 Each stage of the wet riser shall not exceed 61 meters, unless expressly permitted by
D.G.F.S but in no case exceeding 70.15 metres.
Sprinkler
 A system for protecting a building against fire by means of
overhead pipes which convey an extinguishing fluid (such as
water) to heat-activated outlets.
 Located at every floor of the Plaza Alam Sentral Shah Alam.
 Two types of sprinkler: upright and recessed pendant sprinkler.
 According to Uniform Building By-Law (UBBL), section 226:
Upright Sprinkler

 Wateris projected downward

form the upright sprinkler and
has a built in deflector.
 Usually installed in
inaccessible areas such as
mechanical room or areas
that lacks of ceiling pipe to
built into.
Recessed Pendant Sprinkler

 Shoots water downwards from

the ceiling.
 Common type of sprinkler that
usually installed in accessible
space such as office and lobby.
 The connecting pipes is hidden
in the ceiling to avoid
unattractive appearance.
Types of Pump and The Pressure
Pump Cut in Cut out

Jocky 80 psi 100 psi

Duty 60 psi Manual

Standby 50 psi Manual

 Flow Switch
 The waterflow switch is a mechanical to
electrical fire alarm input device which tells
water is flowing in the sprinkler system.
 Three main function:
• Notifies the occupants of the building to
evacuate
• Alerts the fire department
• Shows to the firefighters that water is
being used and sounding the outside horn
where to connect their hoses.
Fire Hydrant
 Intended to provide water to the firemen to
fight the fire.
 Located outside the building.
Hose Reel
 Fire hose reel system consists of pumps,
pipes, water tank and hose reels.
 Located strategically in a building. (Near
the lift or place that can be easily spotted).
 Should be at least 45 meters and made by
reinforced rubber.
Analysis:
 Hose reel system is almost similar to the wet rising system.
 But, the water storage tank is located at the rooftop.
 The pipes is in the same level for each of the hose reel
system.
 Only consists of 2 type of pump. (Duty and Standby)
 Lower pressure is needed to transfer the water max 50 psi.
(using gravity force)
Roller Shutter

 When fire alarm triggered, the roller shutter will automatically

shut to avoid fire from spreading.

Roller
shutter
Break glass

 Used to allow building occupants to signal a fire or

other emergency exists in the building.
 Usuallyconnected to a central fire alarm panel which is
in turn connected to an alarm system in the building
and to a local fire brigade dispatcher.
 Simple operated by means of a simple button press.
Analysis

• Break glass alarm are usually placed near the

stairs to easily allow people to trigger the break
glass during the fire emergency.
Fire alarm panel

 Located in the Control Room.

 Controllingthe components of a
fire alarm system. (Receives and
monitors fire emergency in the
building).
Analysis:

• Control room in the Plaza Alam Sentral. Shah Alam located in the ground floor
of the building.
• Been supervises all the time (24 hours).
• All the information about the fire fighting system is provided in the Control
Room.
 Portable Fire Extinguisher

 An active fire protection device used to

extinguish or control small fires.
 PlazaAlam Sentral uses only two type of
fire extinguisher which is dry powder
extinguisher and CO2 fire extinguisher.
 Located at every floor for example nearby
to fire resistance door and wet riser room.
According to UBBL ,Section 227 : Portable extinguisher
Smoke Detector
 A device that sense the smoke, typically as an indicator of
fire.
 It is widely used because of very easy to maintain.
 Two types of smoke detector: ionization and photoelectric
detector
 According to UBBL: Section 15:3 :
 Co2 fixed system
 Located at the transformer room.
 Inside the transformer room have smoke
detector.
 To extinguish the fire using carbon
dioxide.
 To prevent the electrical system damage.
 SPKA System
 SPKA system is stands for
“Sistem Pengawasan
Kebakaran Automatik”
 This system located in the fire
fighting control room handles
by authorized by fire fighter.
 The system act as a middleman
in case of fire outbreak in the
Plaza Alam Sentral Shah Alam
before the fire engine come inti
the location.
PASSIVE FIRE PROTECTIVE
SYSTEM
Exit Signage

 Located on top of the doors that lead to outside the

building.
A sign reading “KELUAR”
 The bright neon green colour and big blocks letter
written on provides a clear signage to the occupants .
ACCORDING TO UBBL SECTION 172: EMERGENCY EXIT SIGNS
Emergency Light

 Function automatically when the power goes out.

 Enableall user to evacuate the building safety during a
fire emergency.
 Enableall user to evacuate the building safely during a
fire emergency.
 Fire Door
 The fire rated door can delay
the fire from spreading and is
an ideal fire proofing device.
 Fire doors are usually built
along the escape routes and
fire escapes stair corridors to
ensure safety while the
occupants are escaping the fire.
 Mostly fire doors are intended
to be close at all time.
 According UBBL to section 162: fire
door in compartment walls and
separating walls
 Fire doors of the appropriate FRP (fiberglass reinforced plastic) shall be provided.
 Openings in compartment walls and separating walls shall be protected by a fire door
having a FRP in accordance with the requirements for that wall specified in the Ninth
Schedule to these By-laws.
 Openings in protecting structures shall be protected by fire doors having FRP of not
less than half the requirement for the surrounding wall specified in the Ninth Schedule
to these By-laws but in no case less than half hours.
 Openings in partitions enclosing a protected corridor or lobby shall be protected by fire
doors having FRP of half-hour.
 Fire doors including frames shall be constructed to a specification which can be shown
to meet the requirements for the relevant FRP when tested in accordance with section
3 of BS 476:1951
Staircase

 Staircase is leads the occupants of the building to

escape to a safer area or an assembly area during a fire
or an emergency incident.
 All the building should have at least have two different
of exist of staircase.
According to UBBL section 168:
Staircase
CONCLUSION

 In conclusion, Plaza Alam Sentral Shah Alam

mall is equip with the safety specification
complies with the UBBL and safe for everyone
in case of fire happen.
 The maintenance for the fire fighting system is
once a month which is good to keep the
systems fully functional.
THANK YOU