Industrial Chemistry

Shahzad Ahamd
Pros & Cons of Engineering Achievements

Services in our daily life developed and provided

by engineers can have both benefits and
negative impact on human society.
 Pros and Cons of Human development

Benefits Negative Impact

• Water • Economy
• Sanitation • Health
• Mobility • Environment
• Energy (Pillars of sustainability)
• Food
• Health care
• Shelter
• Communication
• Space exploration
 Green Engineering and its Goals
• It is the design, discovery and implementation of
engineering solutions with an awareness of
potential benefits and problems in terms of the
three pillars of sustainability.
• The goal is to optimize the adverse impacts of
human development in terms of technology in
order it maximize its benefits to the three pillars of
sustainability i.e. economy, health and environment
in contrast to conventional engineering.
 Comparison
Green Engineering Conventional Engineering
• Insufficient utilization of • Protection and restoration
water of natural systems
• Depletion of energy • Improved quality of life for
resources all species
• Urban congestion • Competitive and growing
• Degradation of natural economy for all.
systems
12 Principles of Green Engineering
• Energy and material inputs and outputs are not
hazardous as possible.
• Prevent waste than to clean it.
• Treatment and purification procedures as apart
of design framework.
• System component design to maximize
utilization.
• Embedded entropy to be benefited from recycle,
reuse, beneficial deposition.
12 Principles of Green Engineering (contd..)

• Targeted for durability rather than immorality

• Oversized capacity and capability to be considered as a
design flaw
• Design of new systems and processes be integrated with
existing energy and material flows
• Commercial after life as a design metric
• Designs based on renewable and readily available inputs
for the whole life cycle
• Output pulled system rather than input pulled interms
of materials and energy.
 Goals of Green Chemistry
• Minimize by products in chemical transformations
• Improve efficiency with low temperature and
pressure processes.
• Use of less toxic and degradable materials
• Use of renewable resources instead of fossils
• Processes less prone to explosions, chemical
releases and fires
• Process monitoring for improved control
 Energy and Society
• Higher GDP, higher living standard, higher
energy requirement, higher emissions, greater
responsibility.
 Examples of Green chemistry
• Elimination of halon with water based solvent in fire
extinguishers
• Large scale production of pharmaceutical active
ingredients without toxic wastes
• Elimination of arsenic in wood preservatives in
lumber applications
• Eliminates usage of ultra pure ater usage in computer
chip manufacturing replaced with liquid CO2
• Replacement of water as solvent in paint products
 Life cycle reconsideration by engineers
• Site development
• Product delivery
• Infrastructure manufacture
• Infrastructure use
• Refurbishment
• Recycle
• Disposal
ALL above stages are part of Life cycle which account for
environmental performance of product, process or system
through all phases from acquisition of raw materials to refining
those materials, manufacturing, use and end of life management.