ORGANISATION STRUCTURE AND

DESIGN
Creative
PORTFOLI
O

Vanila Mehta (P40049)

Sudipto Raj (P40042)
Yogesh Prasher (P40055)
 TOPICS

o1 o2 o3

Organisational Approaches to Technology as a

Learning Assessing OE contexual
Dimension
o4 o5
Organisational Envirionment as
Decline a contexual
Dimansion
 01
Organisational
Learning
Why is On-Boarding Important?
Many companies drastically underestimate the
importance of onboarding when they hire new
employees.

The best companies start the onboarding process

before day one. This allows new hires to get
acquainted with the company before they’re expected
to do any work.

1. Onboarding reduces employee turnover

2. Onboarding Allows New Employees to Be
Productive Quickly
3. Onboarding Teaches New Hires About Their Roles
in the Company
4. Onboarding Reduces New Employee Anxiety
IMPORTANCE OF KNOWLEDGE
MANAGEMENT SYSTEM
One of the major benefits of the Learning Management
System of the 21st century is its ability to capture and
curate the best knowledge from within the organization.

● Create A Space For Sharing Knowledge

● Build firm’s Intellectual Capital
● Realize You'll Never Be Finished!
It’s important to understand that knowledge
management isn’t a one-time affair. In an ever-changing
world, intellectual capital needs to be constantly
maintained and updated.
PROs AND CONS OF KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT
SYSTEM
Some of the common benefits of knowledge
management include:
● improved organisational agility
● better and faster decision making
● quicker problem-solving
● increased rate of innovation

 Some of the common challenges include:

● finding ways to efficiently capture and record
business knowledge
● making information and resources easier to find
● motivating people to share, reuse and apply
knowledge consistently
● aligning knowledge management with the overall
goals and business strategy
 o2
Approaches to
Assessing OE
Organizational
Effectiveness
Organizational Effectiveness is the
degree to which it realises its goals.

It is hard to measure the

organizational effectiveness,
generally, four approaches are used:
- Goal Approach
- Resource based Approach
- Internal Process Approach
- Strategic Constituents Approach
Goals as the
effectiveness measure
The goal approach to effectiveness consists of
identifying an organization’s output goals and
assessing how well the organization has
attained those goals.

Indicators include profitability, market share,

growth, social responsibility, and product quality.
 Resources as the
effectiveness measure
The resource-based approach looks at the input
side of the transformation stage.

Obtaining and successfully managing resources

*le Engineer
is the criterion by which organizational
effectiveness is assessed.
Internal Process Approach
Effectiveness is measured as internal
organizational health and efficiency.

Indicators include: adaptive corporate culture,

trust and confidence between the employees,
operational efficiency, and growth and
development of employees.
Rational Goal
Emphasis
In rational goals emphasis under
the competing values model for
organizational effectiveness, to
achieve the goal of efficiency and
productivity, the focus is largely
external and control structure is
followed.
 03
Technology as
a contexual
Dimension
Engineering Technology

The Engineering technology which includes

tasks like Engineering, Legal, Tax accounting
and General Accounting, requires high
Analyzability and High Variety to perform the
*le Engineer tasks.
Stick to the Routine,
Ross !
The situation describes when the task
requires routine technology to be
used.

The employee believes that doing

things differently will be better, but
Boss wants things to be done in the
routine manner in order to avoid
messing up.
Perrow’s Framework: As per the Perrow’s framework, out of the four technologies
(craft, routine, non-routine and Engineering), Craft which includes performing Arts,
Trades and Fine Goods Manufacturing is low on Analyzability and Variety.
Why so Variety?
The situation when an office clerk is yelled upon
by the Boss, when he shows high variety on a
routine task.

The tasks like Sales, Clerical, drafting and

Auditing come under Routine Technology which
is low on variety.
Manufacturing Vs Service
Technologies

Service Technology is applicable for

intangible outputs like services
provided by Airlines, Hotels,
Consultants, law firms, etc.
 o4
ORGANISATION
AL DECLINE
 Decline

• Decline of an organization occurs in a series of observable and distinct stages, each exhibiting
a reduced capability to counteract.
 BLINDED STAGE

● Managers are unaware of problems that threaten

long term survival in the first stage of decline, the
blinded stage.

● Managers are oblivious to large problems because

the monitoring and information systems to evaluate
are not in place.
INACTION STAGE

● The second stage of decline is called in

action in which denial occurs despite
science of deteriorating performance
leaders may try to pursue employees
and other stakeholders that all is well.

● Leadership actions may include

adopting new problem solving
approaches, increasing decision
making participation and encouraging
employee in customer expression of
dissatisfaction to learn what is wrong
 Faulty ACTION STAGE

Failures from management to adjust to

alarming signs could be fatal. Instead,
managers may have made the wrong
decisions, or adjusted to the declining
spiral too little or too late. Actions to
correct this path may include
retrenchment.

Read more at:

https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/s
mall-biz/startups/newsbuzz/treebo-fires-
120-employees-blames-failed-funding/a
rticleshow/70185218.cms?utm_source=
contentofinterest&utm_medium=text&ut
m_campaign=cppst
 CRISIS STAGE

There were no significant changes in the design of the

Ambassador in the last many years. The Royal Enfield
which is a motorcycle brand with a similar hundred year
history behind it often comes up with new models and
keeps its cult following happy, at the same time keeps
the buzz about the brand alive in the market.
Ambassador failed to take its inspiration from Royal
Enfield.

Read more at: 

https://yourstory.com/2014/05/ambassador-car
 DISSOLUTION STAGE

Micromax did not have the financial strength to

fight the marketing, shelf space and retail
exhibition of Oppo, Vivo and Gionee. The Chinese
brands were pumping money left, right and centre
to create a buzz in the market around their
smartphones. On the other hand, Micromax and
other Indian brands did not have that much amount
of money to tackle the Chinese competition. The
company had to face the brunt of the Chinese
invasion as its change of retailers and distributors
were going to the Chinese brands.
 05
ENVIRONMENT
as a contexual
Dimension
Contextual dimensions characterize the whole organization; It includes study of size, strategy, and
environment of an organization. Contextual dimensions are important because they describe the
organizational setting and influence the structural dimensions.

The 5 contextual dimensions of the organization

Contextual dimensions characterize the whole organization and describe the organizational setting. 
● Size is the organization's magnitude as reflected in the number of people in the organization;
● Organizational technology refers to the tools, techniques, and actions used to produce the
organization's products or services;
● Environment includes all elements outside the boundary of the organization;
● Goals and strategy define the purpose and competitive techniques that set it apart from other
organizations;
● Culture is the underlying set of key values, beliefs, understandings, and norms shared by employees. 

Reference:
https://brainmass.com/business/business-management/the-5-contextual-dimensions-of-the-organization-3397
71
Article 2 : https://manajemenppm.wordpress.com/2013/07/22/structural-dimension-of-the-contextual-organization-an-exploratory-study/

Three important factors in the organization theory include management system, structural dimensions, and contextual organizations that
will be the area of this study.

Management system from Burns and Stalker (1961) divides organization into two characteristics that are: mechanistic and organic. Burns
and Stalker system is the scale to measure the structural dimensions and contextual dimension of the organization.

Daft (1986) states that organizational dimensions fall into two types, namely: structure, and context. Structural dimension pertain to
internal characteristics of organization that are formalization, specialization, standardization, hierarchy of authority, centralization,
complexity, professionalism, and personal configuration.

However, Robbins (1990) clusters that structural dimension into three factors that are complexity, formalization, and centralization.
Structural dimension is the dependent variable because it depends on the contextual dimension of organization as the independent variable.

Contextual dimensions characterize the whole organization; include and limited in this study into size, strategy, and environment.
Contextual dimensions are important because they describe the organizational setting and influence the structural dimension
This perfectly describes the
situation when we cannot
openly communicate with
our coworkers about their
toxic nature affecting the
work environment but need
to describe our team in
front of other people.
This correctly describes the “environment” due to different
people and their ‘perfect’ room temperature.
This image encapsulates our reaction when we are about to leave the office
late on Friday night for the weekend only for the client to request some
urgent work and there is no team member in sight.
This is light hearted banter on
men when any girl in the
office asks for help. This
image can also be described
to show the lack of gender
diversity in any office and the
constant urge of male
colleague to help or monitor
woman which can be
described as a gender
patriarchy or mansplaining.
This Meme describes the
situation people have faced
in office, the company
expects you to support and
work at all days required
and how managers will go
to any length to make you
work and count your
productivity for the day.
THANKS