3 The World of Work: 3A Getting Qualified

3 The world of work
3A Getting qualified
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Vocabulary
Employment – the condition of having paid work
We use Work to talk about something you do as

a part of your job: I’ve got a lot of work to do I’d like… I’d like a job with…
today. a good salary flexible working hours
friendly colleagues opportunities for travel
*Work is uncountable noun* my own office opportunities for promotion
- He is looking for work not long holidays holiday pay
He’s looking for a work. a good boss on-the-job training
job security sick pay
*We can use work as a verb*
- I work in London not
I job in London.
Have to/had to
modal verb: 'have to'
'have to' is used to mean that something is necessary.
have to, has to in the Simple Present
Pronouns Affirmative sentences Negative sentences Questions

I do not/don’t have to get
I, we, you, they I have to get up early. Do I have to get up early?
up early.
he, she, it She has to get up early. She does not/ doesn’t Does she have to get
have to get up early. up early?
had to in the Simple Past
Pronouns Affirmative sentences Negativ sentences Questions

I did not/ didn’t have
I, he, she, it, we, you, they I had to get up early. Did I have to get up early?
to get up early.
Present Perfect Simple VS Past Simple
Present Perfect Simple Past Simple
•Unfinished actions that started in the past and •Finished actions:I knew Julie for ten years (but then
continue to the present:I've known Julie for ten years
she moved away and we lost touch).
(and I still know her).
•A finished action in someone's life (when the person is •A finished action in someone's life (when the person is
still alive: life experience):My brother has been to dead):My great-grandmother went to Mexico three
Mexico three times. times.
•A finished action with a result in the present:I've •A finished action with no result in the
lost my keys! (The result is that I can't get into my present:I lost my keys yesterday. It was terrible! (Now
house now). there is no result. I got new keys yesterday).
•With an unfinished time word (this week, this month, •With a finished time word (last week, last month,
today):I've seen John this week. yesterday):I saw John last week.
Remember:
We use the past simple for past events or actions which have no connection to the present.
We use the present perfect for actions which started in the past and are still happening now OR for finished actions which have a connection to the
present.
We CAN'T use the present perfect with a finished time word:
NOT: I've been to the museum yesterday.
3B Job – hunting
Vocabulary
find a job go for an look for a job

naći posao interview tražiti posao
otići na intervju
write a C V lose your job

napisati CV izgubiti posao
Vocabulary
fill in an
application form earn a lot of money
apply for a job
zaraditi puno novca
ispuniti prijavu prijaviti se za posao
get
be unemployed unemployment
biti nezaposlen benefit
dobiti novčanu
naknadu usljed
nezaposlenosti
WH Questions Present Simple
• WH Questions Structure
• WH questions in the simple present use “do” or “be”. Take a look at the structure for
each of these verbs.
• Do
• WH + DO/DOES + SUBJECT + VERB
• Take a look at some examples:
• Where do you work?
• When does she wake up?
• Who is your brother?
• Be
• WH + BE + SUBJECT
• Here are the examples:
• Where are you from?
• Who is that man?
• When is your class?
WH Questions Past Simple
• Wh-Questions in the Past Simple
• Wh- questions are questions that require more information in their answers. Typical wh-
words are what, where, when, why, who, how, how many, how much.
• To create a wh-question, start with the wh-word, then add did (or didn’t for a negative
question), then the subject (a person or thing that does the action), followed by the base
form of the verb and only then add the rest of the sentence.
Wh-word auxiliary verb subject verb in base rest of

form sentence
What did I / you / we / sell the house

they
he / she / it
Why didn’t rescue me
Present Simple VS Present
Continuous
Present Continuous
To talk about things happening at the moment, use the present
continuous.
Jim is watching television at the moment.
We are living near the station at the moment.
Present Simple
To talk about habits and routines use the present simple.
Things we do often, every day, every week, etc..
Things that always happen.
I arrive at school at 8.30.
Joe lives in New York.
Verbs usually used with the present simple:
*cost - This bike costs £200.
*like - Anna likes rap music. ***Some verbs have one meaning in the simple form, but a different
*know - Do you know the answer? meaning in the continuous form. Do you have a bike? = Do you own a
*understand - I don’t understand this. bike? (in general) I’m having a great time! = It’s a great party! (at the
*believe - Do you believe me? moment) I think this film is great! = I like this film a lot. (in general)
Quiet! I’m thinking. = I’m doing a difficult exercise. (at the moment)
3C Strange Jobs
Vocabulary
cream=sour cream washing-up rubbish

pavlaka liquid otpaci
prašak za suđe worms
paint
crvi
farba/boja chewing gym strawberries
a sausage žvaka jagode
kobasica
Word building: noun endings
Word building: noun endings
suffix examples of nouns
-age baggage, village, postage
-al arrival, burial, deferral
-ance/-ence reliance, defence, insistence
-dom boredom, freedom, kingdom
-ee employee, payee, trainee
-er/-or driver, writer, director
-hood brotherhood, childhood, neighbourhood
-ism capitalism, Marxism, socialism (philosophies)
-ist capitalist, Marxist, socialist (followers of philosophies)
-ity/-ty brutality, equality, cruelty
-ment amazement, disappointment, parliament
-ness happiness, kindness, usefulness
-ry entry, ministry, robbery
-ship friendship, membership, workmanship
-sion/-tion/-xion expression, population, complexion
Noun or Verbs
examine examination
verb
argument noun
noun excite
decision
verb
noun interviewer decide
cook noun verb
noun/verb
Noun or Verbs
interview excitement
noun/verb
guitarist noun
noun argue
visit
verb
verb visitor discuss
discussion noun verb
noun
Vocabulary
audience unprofessional
publika
apologise neprofesionalno
izvinjenje throw
circus
baciti
cirkus audience accident
knife thrower publika nezgoda
bacač noževa
3D I’m really sorry
Apologies/Reasons/Promis
es
I’m (really) sorry, (but) I can’t/couldn’t +
infinitive
For apologies we
I’m sorry I couldn’t finish it this morning.
use
I’m really sorry, but I can’t say no to my
mum.
I have to/had to + infinitive
For reasons we use I have to take some clients out to dinner
I had to help Henry
For promises we I’ll + infinitive
use I’ll finish it now and e-mail it to you.
Oh, don’t worry.

To respond to an Another time, maybe.
apology we use Oh, dear. What happened.
phrases Oh, right. Why’s that.
Review
1 Choose the most suitable sentence or question.
• a) 1 I wash my hair.
• 2 I’m washing my hair. ✔
• b) 1 Do you know the answer?
• 2 Are you knowing the answer?
• c) 1 Do you wait for the school bus? You’re in the wrong place!
• 2 Are you waiting for the school bus? You’re in the wrong place!
• d) 1 That bike costs £350.
• 2 That bike is costing £350.
• e) 1 Do you understand?
• 2 Are you understanding?
• f) 1 I do my homework.
• 2 I’m doing my homework.
Review
2 Complete each sentence. Use the words in brackets. Use present
simple or present continuous.
• a) Richard (always, get up) ................................................................
always gets up before 7.00.
• b) Hurry up! The bus (wait) ........................................................................
for us!
• c) Where (we, go) .......................................................... ? This is the
wrong road!
• d) My friends (not believe) .................................................................... my
story.
• e) Please be quiet! I (read) ............................................... a very
interesting book.
• f) (like, Susan) ................................................................................. horror
films?
Review
3 Choose the most suitable word or phrase for each space.
• a) ‘Someone ..... B for you outside.’ ‘Who is it?’
• A) waits B) is waiting C) waiting
• b) ‘What ..... of this book?’ ‘I think it’s fantastic!’
• A) do you think B) is you think C) you do think
• c) ..... in ghosts?
• A) Are you believe B) Are you believing C) Do you believe
• d) Kate is busy. She ..... for a test.
• A) is study B) is studying C) is studies
• e) ..... a great time at the moment!
• A) We are have B) We’re have C) We’re having
• f) Tina usually ..... at 7.00.
• A) get up B) is getting up C) gets up
Review
4. Complete the sentences with the verb in brackets in past simple or
present perfect.
• 1. She loves Paris. She ..................... (be) there many times.
• 2. Bill ....................... (work) in that company for 3 years. (He still works there).
• 3. They ....................... (go) to London on holiday last summer.
• 4. I ....................... (read) that book. It´s good.
• 5. His parents ....................... (be) here yesterday.
• 6. They ....................... (go) to Germany when he ....................... (be) only 4.
• 7. ........... you ......... (watch) a film last night?
• 8. I ....................... (have) some toast when I got up.
• 9. He ....................... (live) in Rome since he was a teenager.
• 10. The house looks different. .......... you .............. (paint) it?
• 11. I ....................... (not see) you in class last Friday.
• 12. Shakespeare ....................... (write) over one hundred sonnets.
Review
5. Say if the following sentences are right or wrong. Correct them if necessary.
• 1. Have you ever been to Thailand? ......................................................................................

• 2. I´ve had sausages for lunch at half past one. ....................................................................
• 3. She´s enjoyed herself at the party last night. .....................................................................
• 4. I´ve read that book but I didn´t like it much. .......................................................................
• 5. Tom has left school one year ago. .....................................................................................
• 6. My cousins have lived in Dublin since they´ve been children. ...........................................
• 7. We have worked here for a year and a half. ......................................................................
• 8. My parents lived in Britain for a couple of years. ...............................................................
• 9. James has made a cake yesterday. ..................................................................................
• 10. I´ve washed the car. It looks great now. ............................................................................
Review
6. Write question about the words in bold.
• Example:
• He drank juice. - What did he drink?
1.They went to Spain.
2.He writes novels.
3.Lacy likes soccer
4.The girls watched a serial.
5.He discovered the truth.
Review
• Read the sentences and choose the correct words.
1. Look at my new mobile phone. It must / can play movies!
2. What’s your new phone number? I can’t / mustn’t remember it.
3. Can you change my appointment? I’m busy so I won’t be able to /
don’t have to come at eleven o’clock tomorrow.
4. Janine can / must be in the office now. I saw her go in ten minutes
ago.
5. My wallet’s gone! Someone can / must have stolen it
6. You’ve got / You’re allowed to show your driving license when you
rent a car.
7. Take your time. We can’t / don’t have to be there until six.
8. We’re late. We’d better / We might hurry up.
9. You couldn’t / aren’t allowed to drive without a license in the UK.
10. Are you hungry? I make / I’ll make something for you
THANK YOU

3 The World of Work: 3A Getting Qualified

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3 The World of Work: 3A Getting Qualified

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3 The world of work

We use Work to talk about something you do as

have to, has to in the Simple Present

Pronouns Affirmative sentences Negative sentences Questions

had to in the Simple Past

Pronouns Affirmative sentences Negativ sentences Questions

find a job go for an look for a job

write a C V lose your job

Wh-word auxiliary verb subject verb in base rest of

What did I / you / we / sell the house

cream=sour cream washing-up rubbish

Oh, don’t worry.

• 1. Have you ever been to Thailand? ......................................................................................

1.They went to Spain.

4.The girls watched a serial.

5.He discovered the truth.

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