Safe excavation

practices
 Hazards in soil Excavation
•Soil Collapse / Soil Cave
•Under ground Utilities: live electrical cables/gas lines/telephone cables, etc.

•Hazardous atmospheres
•Failure/Collapse of Adjacent structures
•Fall of persons in to excavated area / Falling of material in to excavated
area
•Unsafe Access / Egress
•Vehicle traffic
•Moving equipment's

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 Soil Classification

 Type A : cohesive soils with an unconfined, compressive strength of 143.69 kN /

M2. or greater.  Examples : clay, silty clay, sandy clay, clay loam

 Type B : 47.91 – 143.69 kN / M2 .

Eg : Granular cohesion less soils including: angular gravel (similar to crushed
rock), silt, silt loam, sandy loam

 Type C: > 47.91 kN / M2

Eg: gravel, sand, loamy sand,Submerged soil or soil from which water is freely
seeping; or Submerged rock that is not stable

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 Prior to Excavation

 Ground / Soil condition

 Ground / Surface Water
 Location of Water Table
 Under ground / Overhead utilities
 Proximity & physical condition of Adjacent buildings
 Dynamic load / Traffic

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 Preventing Soil Collapse
Soil classification (Type A, B or C)
determines construction of protective system:

Sloping
 Benching
 Placing a shield.
 Shoring
• Timber / Aluminum shoring
• Sheet piling

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 Simple Sloping

• Type B - 1:1 450

• Type C - 1½ :1 340

Note :Greater than 20 feet deep shall be designed by a

registered professional engineer.

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 Benching

• Type A
• Type B
• (cohesive soil)
• Type C

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 Under Ground Utilities

PREVENTION
– Excavation Clearance For
• Electricity
• Water & Sewage Pipeline
• Communication
• Oil & Gas Pipe Line
From the concerned, from clients
Detectors ( for More Reliable)

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 Prevention
Stacking the material 1 Mtrs away from the
edge of the excavation.

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 PREVENTION

Never park the mobile equipment within 2.5 Mtrs

of the Excavated Edge.

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 Thanks you,

If required more information, please contact ISGEC

Safety staff