Management

Prepared by:
Rosita A. Pacibe
3 Phases of Management

•1. Planning
•2. Execution
•3. Controlling
PLANNING

• Planning is the fundamental management function,

which involves deciding beforehand, what is to be done,
when is it to be done, how it is to be done and who is
going to do it.
• It is an intellectual process which lays
down an organization’s objectives and develops
various courses of action, by which the organization can
achieve those objectives.
(SETTING OBJECTIVES, ACTION PLAN, BUDGET)
PLANNING

SETTING OBJECTIVES
• Operational Objectives
• These are short term objectives
• Strategic Objectives
These are long term activities
(General Direction Of the Company)
PLANNING
PLANNING

STRATEGY
Unique activities that give you competitive edge
2 Levels of Strategy
1. Corporate strategy
Focuses on how to manage resources, risk and return across a firm.
TYPES OF CORPORATE STRATEGY
1. Concentrated
2. Integrated
Vertical and Horizontal
3. Conglomerate
PLANNING

STRATEGY
Unique activities that give you competitive edge
2 Levels of Strategy
2. Business Strategy
These are the functional area
a. Marketing
Product Differentiation
Cost Leadership
Market Penetration
PLANNING

Functional Area
b. Operational/Production
b.1. Customized (Made to order)
b.2. Mass Production (Producing continuously and in bulk)
b.3. Lean Production (version of mass production but lesser waste)
b.4. Mass Customization (Producing in bulk but theres a room for
customization)
PLANNING
Functional Area
b. Operational/Production
b.1. Customized (Made to order)
b.2. Mass Production (Producing continuously and in bulk)
b.3. Lean Production (version of mass production but lesser waste)
b.4. Mass Customization (Producing in bulk but there’s a room for
customization)
c. Organizational
c.1. Centralized
c.2. Decentralized
PLANNING

Functional Area
d. Financial
d.1. Aggressive
More Liabilities, Lesser Capital
More Profit, Lesser Liquidity
d.2. Conservative
More Capital, Lesser Liabilities
More Liquidity, Less Profit
d.3. Hedging
Balanced
PLANNING

ACTION PLAN
Detailed approach on how to execute the strategy.
BUDGET
End product of planning
EXECUTION AND CONTROLLING

EXECUTION
Doing whatever was planned
HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT
1. Directing (What to do and how to do)
2. Motivating (Why they have to do)
CONTROLLING
Continuous Improvement (Kaizen)
Evaluation (Performance Report)
Corrective Actions
 THE END

“Never let the sadness of your past

and the fear of your future ruin the
happiness of your present”

THANK YOU!!