Cytotoxicity and Antioxidant Activity of

Identified Secondary Metabolites in Myristica

simiarum Leaves

RESEARCHERS:
Soren David L. Dacles
Christian Josef F. Avelino
Lorraine Zeta M. Diaz
 OBJECTIVE
S
• Generally, this study aimed to identify
its phytochemical constituents, to
evaluate its preliminary cytotoxicity
and antioxidant activity
 OBJECTIVE
S
1. To determine if there is a presence of
phytochemicals in Myristica simiarum
Leaves
2. To determine if there is a significant difference
in percent lethality of the different
concentrations of Myristica simiarum leaves
against brine shrimp
 OBJECTIVE
S
3. To determine if there is a significant difference
in percent inhibition of the different
concentrations of Myristica simiarum leaves
against DPPH free radical.
 R E S U LT S
Table 1. Phytochemical Screening of Myristica simiarum Leaves
TEST REPLICATE 1 REPLICATE 2
Alkaloids - -
Tannins + +
Saponins - -
Flavonoids + +
Phenols + +

Xanthoproteic Test (Proteins and Amino Acid) + +

Ninhydrin Test (Amino Acid) - -

Molisch’s Test (Sugars) + +
Barfoed’s Test (Monosaccharides) + +
( + ) Indicates Presences; ( - ) Indicates Absence
 R E S U LT S
Table 1. Phytochemical Screening of Myristica simiarum Leaves
TEST REPLICATE 1 REPLICATE 2
Alkaloids - -
Tannins + +
Saponins - -
Flavonoids + +
Phenols + +

Xanthoproteic Test (Proteins and Amino Acid) + +

Ninhydrin Test (Amino Acid) - -

Molisch’s Test (Sugars) + +
Barfoed’s Test (Monosaccharides) + +
( + ) Indicates Presences; ( - ) Indicates Absence
 R E S U LT S
Table 2. Percent Lethality of the Different Concentrations of Myristica simiarum Leaves Extract against Brine
Shrimp

TREATMENT REPLICATES (%)

MEAN ±S.D
S 1 2 3
A – 1 µg/mL 0 20 10 10.00d 10.00

B – 10 µg/mL 50 60 60 56.67c 5.77

C – 100 µg/mL 80 70 80 76.67b 5.77

D – 1000 µg/mL 100 100 90 96.67a 5.77

LSD= 3.36 p –value = 0.000 significant

*column mean with the same letter superscripts are not significantly different
 R E S U LT S
Table 2. Percent Lethality of the Different Concentrations of Myristica simiarum Leaves Extract against Brine
Shrimp

TREATMENT REPLICATES (%)

MEAN ±S.D
S 1 2 3
A – 1 µg/mL 0 20 10 10.00d 10.00

B – 10 µg/mL 50 60 60 56.67c 5.77

C – 100 µg/mL 80 70 80 76.67b 5.77

D – 1000 µg/mL 100 100 90 96.67a 5.77

LSD= 3.36 p –value = 0.000 significant

*column mean with the same letter superscripts are not significantly different
R E S U LT S
Median Lethal Concentration (LC50)
100
f(x) = 0.05 x + 44.86
80 R² = 0.5

60

40

20

0
0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900
 R E S U LT S
Table 3. Percent Inhibitions of the Different Concentrations of Myristica simiarum Leaves Extract using DPPH assay.

REPLICATES (%)
TREATMENTS MEAN ±S.D
1 2 3
A – 5 µg/mL 18.52399 17.12177 18.37638 18.00738d 0.77
B – 10 µg/mL 50.92251 42.21402 44.35424 45.83026c 4.54
C – 25 µg/mL 65.38745 65.90406 66.12546 65.80566b 0.38
D – 50 µg/mL 88.48708 86.27306 85.60886 86.78967a 1.51
(+) 5 µg/mL 50.44280 38.67159 40.14760 42.08733c 6.41
(+) 10 µg/mL 54.09594 53.21033 52.69373 53.33333c 0.71

LSD= 6.10 p –value = 0.000 significant

*column mean with the same letter superscripts are not significantly different
 R E S U LT S
Table 3. Percent Inhibitions of the Different Concentrations of Myristica simiarum Leaves Extract using DPPH assay.

REPLICATES (%)
TREATMENTS MEAN ±S.D
1 2 3
A – 5 µg/mL 18.52399 17.12177 18.37638 18.00738d 0.77
B – 10 µg/mL 50.92251 42.21402 44.35424 45.83026c 4.54
C – 25 µg/mL 65.38745 65.90406 66.12546 65.80566b 0.38
D – 50 µg/mL 88.48708 86.27306 85.60886 86.78967a 1.51
(+) 5 µg/mL 50.44280 38.67159 40.14760 42.08733c 6.41
(+) 10 µg/mL 54.09594 53.21033 52.69373 53.33333c 0.71

LSD= 6.10 p –value = 0.000 significant

*column mean with the same letter superscripts are not significantly different
 R E S U LT S
Table 3. Percent Inhibitions of the Different Concentrations of Myristica simiarum Leaves Extract using DPPH assay.

REPLICATES (%)
TREATMENTS MEAN ±S.D
1 2 3
A – 5 µg/mL 18.52399 17.12177 18.37638 18.00738d 0.77
B – 10 µg/mL 50.92251 42.21402 44.35424 45.83026c 4.54
C – 25 µg/mL 65.38745 65.90406 66.12546 65.80566b 0.38
D – 50 µg/mL 88.48708 86.27306 85.60886 86.78967a 1.51
(+) 5 µg/mL 50.44280 38.67159 40.14760 42.08733c 6.41
(+) 10 µg/mL 54.09594 53.21033 52.69373 53.33333c 0.71

LSD= 6.10 p –value = 0.000 significant

*column mean with the same letter superscripts are not significantly different
 R E S U LT S
Median Inhibitory Concentration (IC50)
100
f(x) = 1.13 x + 41.37
f(x)
R² ==0.87
1.36 x + 23.56
80
Mean % Inhibition

R² = 0.88

60
Mean %
Inhibition
40 (Tanghas)
Linear (Mean %
20 Inhibition
(Tanghas))
0 Mean %
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 Inhibition
(Control)
Concentrations (ug/mL)
CONCLUSION
1. There is a presence of phytochemicals in
Myristica simiarum leaves

2. There is a significant difference in percent

lethality of the different concentrations of
Myristica simiarum leaves against brine
shrimp
CONCLUSION
3. There is a significant difference in percent
inhibition of the different concentrations of
Myristica simiarum leaves against DPPH free
radical.
 RECOMMENDATIONS

1. To quantify the phytochemicals present in

Myristica simiarum leaves

2. To utilize treatment D (1000 µg/mL) of

Myristica simiarum leaves against actual
cancer cell lines
 RECOMMENDATIONS

2. To utilize treatment B (50 µg/mL) of

Myristica simiarum leaves as natural
antioxidant supplement.