INDUSTRY 5.

0 IMPACT ON ORGANIZATIONAL BEHAVIOUR

According to many, we are at the brink of the fourth industrial revolution. The
theme of Industry 4.0 is "Smart Manufacturing for the Future". Now, some futurists
even discuss what the fifth industrial revolution’s theme will be. There are a few
visions for Industry 5.0. One emerging theme is human-robot co-working. In recent
years, we have seen significant advancements in robotics and artificial intelligence
(AI) research. Today, there are robots for various purposes at affordable prices in the
market. It is not long before we closely interact with robots in our lives and
workplaces. Testing autonomous cars in traffic is a promising example of this
upcoming trend. There are companies having an employee record for robots or AI
applications. While there are many studies on human-robot collaboration for low-
level tasks with a focus on robot development, we lack studies focusing on
organizational issues emerging from human-robot co-working. In this study, we
discuss the possible issues related to human-robot co-working from the
organizational and human employee’s perspective. We believe the issues identified
in this study will be the focus of many upcoming organizational robotics research
studies.
The issues related to integrating robots into organizations identified indicate
prospects of significant changes in organizations. The issues include evolutions in
organizational behavior, structure, workflow, ethics, and work environment.
Furthermore, acceptance of robots in workplaces, discrimination against robots or
people, privacy and trust in a human-robot co-working environment, redesign of the
workplaces for robots, education, and training are among the important issues.
Bagdasarov and her colleagues investigated the organizational considerations of
working with robots . They discussed the issue under three sets of factors:

Individual, organizational, and robotic agent. Under each set, the authors suggest
considering various factors. Employee’s age, gender, level of education, experience
with technology/technical background, expectations, and social
perceptiveness/interpersonal sensitivity are the individual factors. The
organization’s workflow, physical environment, social/emotional context, training,
and employee-robot goal alignment are the organizational factors. The robot’s
appearance, behavior, capabilities for interaction, and safety are the robotic agent
factors.
Whether Industry 5.0 will be about human-robot co-working or not, human-robot co-working
will still be a big change for organizations. In fact, robots in our lives will likely to be a
significant change for mankind. We are trying to build a technology that resembles humans in
many aspects. Some will find this innovative and exciting. Some will find it outrageous,
frustrating, even a threat to mankind. This negative attitude toward robots is boosted by the
media. Our survey studies regarding robots in society will be biased by this negative attitude.
One of the first scales developed for measuring attitude toward robots has a negative
perspective. Until humans actually live and work with robots, we cannot be sure how humans
will react to robots. The attitude toward robots will likely to evolve as humans experience
with robots. Today’s children may react differently from how our generation reacts. Since they
will grow with this or similar technologies. Their children will be in a society with robots. We
should be aware of this generation differences and start building a robotic society in which
humans benefit from this technology to its maximum extent and try to minimize the
consequences. In this study, we discussed the possible issues that may arise from human-
robot coworking. Legal, regulatory, psychological, social, ethical issues are among the main
issues. While changing the role of human resources and information technology departments,
different personal preferences toward working with robots, types of robots preferred to work
with, learning to work with robots, competing or cooperating with robots, and possible
negative attitudes are also among the important issues. All the issues discussed are subjects
for further discussion, investigation, experimentation, in short for a wide range of research.
We need to collect data as they are available for collection. At this point, we can only survey
the expectancy and vision. Even the experimentation we conduct may not be definitive until
human-robot co-working environments actually exist.