BLOOD and

Circulation
Miss Old
 What does Blood do??
It does THREE main things:

 TRANSPORT: Transports substances from one

part of the body to another.
 PROTECTION: Helps to defend against diseases
 REGULATION: Keeps conditions right for the
working of our cells.
 What is BLOOD made up of?
PLASMA
RED BLOOD CELLS
WHITE BLOOD CELLS
PLATELETS
 PLASMA – The fluid part
• Plasma carries the Red and White Blood Cells
and the Platelets.
• It transports dissolved substances around the
body such as Hormones and Antibodies.
• It also transports waste substances such as
Carbon Dioxide and Urea.
 RED BLOOD CELLS
• Red Blood Cells carry Oxygen, Haemoglobin and
Iron.
• Haemoglobin absorbs Oxygen to become
Oxyhaemoglobin.
• Red Blood Cells have no Nucleus.
• They are a flattened disc shape – this provides a
large surface area which allows a rapid diffusion
of oxygen.
• Also known as Erythrocytes.
 WHITE BLOOD CELLS
• White Blood Cells defend against disease.
• They have a Large Nucleus
• They ingest pathogens and destroy them.
• They produce antibodies to destroy
pathogens.
• They produce antitoxins that neutralise the
toxins released by pathogens.
• Also known as Leukocytes
 PLATELETS
• Platelets help the blood to clot.
• They make up just a tiny fraction of the blood
volume.
• They are the smallest and lightest blood cell.
• Platelets react first to injuries, providing a seal
to prevent bleeding.
 Capillaries in lungs
artery vein

artery
right left

vein
atrium atrium

right left
ventricle ventricle

Capillaries in rest of
body
The Heart
Pulmonary Artery Aorta
Semi Lunar Valve

Vena Cava Pulmonary Vein

Right Atrium Left Atrium

Tricuspid Valve
Bicuspid Valve

Left Ventricle
Right Ventricle
 WHAT IS A HEART ATTACK??
• Occurs when blood flow to part of the heart is blocked
– often by a clot – causing damage to the affected
muscle.
• A heart attack can occur if the shortage of oxygen to
an area of the heart muscle is severe and prolonged.
• There are many symptoms: Chest pain, Shortness of
breath, Sweating, Unexplained Anxiety, Weakness,
Palpitations.
• Heart attacks must be recognised and treated as
quickly as possible.
 RESEARCH TASK
INDIVIDUALLY:

Research into Heart Attacks:

• What is a Heart Attack
• Why do they happen
• Who is most at risk
• Symptoms
• Causes
• How to reduce the risk

Record this information either on your iPad or on paper

Homework